又一次收到了 Be My Eyes 的视频通话请求。这次是三位视障朋友，希望我能协助其中一位女孩设置手机的屏幕朗读功能。经过一番操作后，很开心顺利完成了设置。

I received another video call request from Be My Eyes. This time, it was from three visually impaired friends who needed help setting up the screen reader function on one of the girls’ phones. After some operations, I was happy to successfully complete the setup.

回想起 2019 年成为志愿者的初衷，至今已协助过许多视障朋友，次数早已记不清。但每一次的服务都让我感到无比欣慰与骄傲。我愿意成为他们的眼睛，带领他们看见这个缤纷的世界，为他们的生活增添一道光芒。

Looking back to 2019 when I first became a volunteer, I have helped many visually impaired friends since then, and I’ve lost count of the number of times. But each service fills me with immense satisfaction and pride. I am willing to be their eyes, guiding them to see this colorful world and adding a ray of light to their lives.

如果您也想加入这份爱心行列，欢迎在应用商店搜索「Be My Eyes」

If you would like to join this caring community, you can search for “Be My Eyes” in the app store.

注册成为志愿者（Volunteer）。若您身边有视障朋友，也可以帮助他们下载注册，让他们能够随时连结世界各地的志愿者获得协助。

Register as a volunteer. If you have visually impaired friends around you, you can also help them download and register, allowing them to connect with volunteers worldwide for assistance at any time.

在视障朋友的日常生活中，常会遇到许多我们难以想象的困扰：分辨衣物颜色、确认正确药品、检查食物保存期限、选购合适的生活用品，甚至是行走时判断路况，都需要他人的协助。

In the daily lives of visually impaired friends, they often encounter many difficulties that we can hardly imagine: distinguishing clothing colors, confirming correct medications, checking food expiration dates, choosing suitable daily necessities, and even judging road conditions while walking, all require assistance from others.

虽然我们无法完全体会视障朋友所面临的种种不便，但我深信，只要我们愿意伸出援手，齐心协力，就能让他们在这颗蓝色星球上过得更好、更自在❤️🙌

Although we cannot fully understand the various inconveniences faced by visually impaired friends, I firmly believe that as long as we are willing to lend a helping hand and work together, we can help them live better and more comfortably on this blue planet ❤️🙌

要记住历史，不要记住仇恨

19世纪末20世纪初，中国仍处于封建社会末期，科技落后，国力衰微。彼时的日本，虽文化根源深植于中华，却因地理资源匮乏，萌生了”帮助中国现代化”的想法。

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, China was still in the final stage of feudal society, lagging in technology and declining in national strength. At that time, Japan, though culturally rooted in China, was short of natural resources and developed the idea of “helping China modernize.”

起初，他们在东北等地确实进行了一些建设。然而，随着野心膨胀，一些政治人物开始视中华民族为劣等，进而产生了取而代之的狂妄之念。日本军国主义的侵略，实则源于其扭曲的民族主义和对资源的贪婪渴望。这场浩劫给中国及其他亚洲国家带来了难以磨灭的苦难。

At first, they did carry out some construction in Northeast China and other areas. However, as ambitions grew, some politicians began to view the Chinese nation as inferior, leading to an arrogant desire to replace it. Japan’s militaristic aggression stemmed from distorted nationalism and a greedy thirst for resources, bringing unforgettable suffering to China and other Asian countries.

战争以原子弹的惨烈落幕。作为战胜国，中国本有权在日本驻军，却选择了宽容与和解，展现了大国胸怀。

The war ended tragically with atomic bombs. As a victorious nation, China had the right to station troops in Japan, but it chose tolerance and reconciliation, demonstrating the magnanimity of a great nation.

上世纪70年代末，邓小平领导下的中国迫切需要外资和技术助推经济发展。邓小平访日，以谦逊亲和的姿态恳请日本来华投资。随后，日本成为中国重要的经济伙伴，投资如潮水般涌入。各地兴建日资产业园区，为日籍员工安居乐业，还建设了日本学校、中日友好医院等设施。这段蜜月期有力证明，国与国之间的关系能够超越历史恩怨，实现互利共赢。

In the late 1970s, under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping, China urgently needed foreign capital and technology to drive economic development. Deng Xiaoping visited Japan, humbly and amicably requesting Japanese investment in China. Subsequently, Japan became a major economic partner, with investments flowing in like a tide. Japanese-funded industrial parks were established across China, providing for Japanese employees’ well-being, along with the construction of Japanese schools and the Sino-Japanese Friendship Hospital. This period of cooperation strongly proved that relations between countries could transcend historical grievances to achieve mutual benefit.

然而，近年来随着中美关系趋紧，加之美日同盟关系密切，一些官方媒体有意渲染对日情绪。这种做法虽可能短期内凝聚民心，长远来看却有百害而无一利。最近发生在苏州的日本小学生校车遇袭事件，以及胡友平女士为保护日本儿童而不幸牺牲的悲剧，引发了日本社会的恐慌。日企连夜撤离中国的举动，无疑对当前经济下行、失业率居高不下的中国雪上加霜。

However, in recent years, as Sino-American relations have tightened and the U.S.-Japan alliance remains strong, some official media have intentionally stirred anti-Japanese sentiment. While this may unite the people in the short term, it will bring only harm in the long run. The recent attack on a Japanese school bus in Suzhou, where Ms. Hu Youping tragically died protecting Japanese children, has caused panic in Japanese society. Japanese companies’ overnight withdrawal from China only adds to the woes of an already slowing economy and rising unemployment in China.

安倍晋三曾在2015年的国会演讲中表示：”我们不能让子孙后代一出生就背负道歉的重担，即便他们与战争毫无关联。尽管如此，我们每一代日本人都必须正视过去的历史。”他感谢中国战后”以德报怨”的宽容，也感谢西方国家愿意与日本共同面向未来。这番言论被视为日本”向前看”政策的起点。这一政策并非否认历史，而是呼吁不要让国家永远活在历史的阴影之中。

In a 2015 speech in the Japanese parliament, Shinzo Abe stated: “We cannot burden future generations with the responsibility of apology the moment they are born, even if they had nothing to do with the war. Nevertheless, each generation of Japanese must face up to the history of the past.” He thanked China for its post-war tolerance of “repaying evil with virtue” and also thanked Western countries for their willingness to move forward with Japan. His words were seen as the starting point of Japan’s “forward-looking” policy, which was not about denying history but rather calling for the nation not to be forever trapped in its shadow.

反观中国，我们似乎正陷入一个危险的循环。对许多中国人而言，战争历史不仅未曾过去，反而成为了一种持续的现实。更令人担忧的是，一些人正在以”爱国”的名义，重复着历史上我们曾极力反对的行为。

On the other hand, China seems to be caught in a dangerous cycle. For many Chinese, the history of the war is not something that has passed, but a persistent reality. Even more worrying is that some are repeating behaviors in the name of “patriotism” that we once vehemently opposed.

这种情况令人不寒而栗。那些打着爱国旗号，煽动仇恨、伤害无辜的人，他们的行为与当年的侵略者何其相似。他们可能不自知，但正在成为和平的破坏者，成为他们曾经憎恨的那种人。这种扭曲的”爱国主义”正在侵蚀我们社会的根基，破坏来之不易的和平与繁荣。

This situation is chilling. Those who incite hatred and harm innocents in the name of patriotism resemble the aggressors of the past. They may be unaware, but they are becoming destroyers of peace, turning into the very type of people they once despised. This distorted “patriotism” is eroding the foundation of our society, undermining the hard-won peace and prosperity.

我们必须警惕，这种狭隘的民族主义情绪很可能成为操纵民意、转移国内矛盾的工具。它不仅无助于解决任何实际问题，反而会加剧国际关系的紧张，最终损害我们自己的利益。

We must remain vigilant. This narrow-minded nationalism could easily become a tool to manipulate public opinion and divert attention from domestic issues. It will not help solve any real problems but will instead escalate tensions in international relations, ultimately harming our own interests.

更可怕的是，这种仇恨情绪一旦蔓延，就如同打开了潘多拉的魔盒，难以收拾。它会毒化我们的下一代，让他们带着偏见和敌意去看待这个世界。这与我们追求和平、开放、进步的理想背道而驰。

Even more frightening is that once this hatred spreads, it will be like Pandora’s box, impossible to contain. It will poison our next generation, causing them to view the world with prejudice and hostility, which is contrary to our ideals of peace, openness, and progress.

我们不应忘记南京大屠杀幸存者李秀英老人的嘱托：”要记住历史，不要记住仇恨！”这句话如今悬挂在侵华日军南京大屠杀遇难同胞纪念馆的新展厅里，警醒着每一位参观者。这不仅是对过去的反思，更是对未来的期许。

We must not forget the words of Nanjing Massacre survivor Li Xiuying: “Remember history, but don’t remember hatred!” This quote now hangs in the new exhibition hall of the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders, reminding every visitor. It is not only a reflection on the past but also a hope for the future.

我们必须保持清醒，爱国不等于仇外，应该用理性和智慧去看待历史，用开放和包容的心态拥抱世界。勿忘国耻是让我们努力学习、提升自己，为国家发展贡献力量，而不是沉溺于狭隘的民族主义情绪中，不要成为仇恨的传播者。

We must remain clear-headed. Patriotism does not equal xenophobia. We should view history with reason and wisdom, and embrace the world with openness and inclusiveness. “Remembering national humiliation” should inspire us to study hard and improve ourselves, contributing to the country’s development, rather than wallowing in narrow nationalism and becoming spreaders of hatred.

近年来，地方政府为了发展基础设施，与开发商达成协议，让开发商以较低价格获得土地。开发商的条件是帮助地方政府建设桥梁、道路、学校、医院和购物中心等基础设施。项目完成后，开发商还会协助吸引投资。曾经，这种共生关系在一段蜜月期内繁荣发展。

In past years, local governments, aiming for infrastructure development, struck deals with developers allowing them to obtain land at lower prices. The catch was that developers would help the local governments with infrastructure like building bridges, roads, schools, hospitals, and shopping centers. After completion, developers would also assist in attracting investment. For a time, this symbiotic relationship blossomed in a mutual honeymoon phase.

然而，随着地方经济逐渐好转，许多地方政府似乎“翻脸不认人”，要求开发商先完成基础设施项目，再讨论土地审批事宜。不幸的是，开发商履行完自己的承诺后，由于各种原因，土地审批往往被拒，导致许多开发商不满但大多保持沉默。

However, as local economies began to improve, many local governments seemed to turn on their developer partners, suggesting they complete infrastructure projects before discussing land approvals. Unfortunately, after the developers fulfilled their end, land approvals were sometimes denied for various reasons, leaving many developers aggrieved but mostly silent.

建筑行业本质上有较长的资金回笼周期，有时需要5-6年才能完全回款。而在此期间，人工、材料和销售的支出持续，带来了巨大的财务压力。开发商制定了一种策略，即将建成的物业抵押给银行。一旦房产出售，购房者会向银行还款。有趣的是，许多购房者通过银行贷款购房，这意味着在整个过程中，实际上是银行拥有了房产。

The construction industry inherently has a long capital turnover cycle, sometimes taking 5-6 years for full repayment. Meanwhile, expenses for labor, materials, and sales persist, creating significant financial pressure. A strategy devised by developers was to mortgage their constructed properties to banks. Once the property was sold, homeowners would repay the bank. Interestingly, many homeowners financed their purchases with bank loans, meaning the bank technically owned the property throughout the process.

开发商意识到，在这种模式下，他们不必担心销售问题，只需将房产抵押即可获得资金。随着房价不断上涨，开发商可以不断建设，确保资金流动，然后将这些资金投入高回报的项目。

Developers realized under this scheme they didn’t have to worry about sales — they simply had to mortgage properties to gain funds. With house prices continuously rising, developers could keep building, ensuring a steady cash flow, and then invest these funds in high-return ventures.

甚至有开发商雇佣演员在楼盘现场制造热销的假象，试图说服潜在购房者和银行相信房产的吸引力。

There were even incidents where developers hired actors to create a façade of booming sales at property sites, aiming to convince both potential buyers and banks of the property’s attractiveness.

随着房价在全国范围内飙升，即使在三四线城市，房价往往也超过了当地居民的收入水平。“本地人买不起本地房”的现象广为流传。

With house prices skyrocketing across China, even in third and fourth-tier cities, property prices often surpassed local incomes. The phenomenon of “locals can’t afford local homes” became widely discussed.

“房住不炒”的政策标志着房地产调控的开始，各种措施陆续出台以控制房价和贷款。市场很快做出了冷却反应。地方政府收紧了土地审批，从“限墅令”到全面“禁墅”，再到限制高层地块，意在遏制房地产行业的无序扩张。

The decree “Houses are for living in, not for speculation” signaled the start of real estate regulation, with various measures introduced to control property prices and loans. The market soon responded with a cooldown. Local governments tightened land approval processes, from a “villa restriction order” to an outright “villa ban”, followed by restrictions on high-rise plots, all aiming to curb the wild and chaotic expansion of real estate.

随后，央行和住建部在2021年1月1日发布了开发商融资政策，即所谓的“三道红线”：

1. 扣除预收款后的资产负债率超过70%；
2. 净负债率超过100%；
3. 现金短债比低于1。

Soon after, the central bank and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued financing policies for developers, effective from January 1, 2021. These were the so-called “three red lines”:

1. An asset-liability ratio greater than 70% after deducting advance receipts.
2. A net debt ratio exceeding 100%.
3. A cash-to-short-term debt ratio below 1.

到2023年中，12家试点房地产公司必须达到所有“三道红线”标准，所有公司预计在2023年底前合规。

By mid-2023, the 12 pilot real estate companies had to meet all these “three red line” standards, with all companies expected to comply by the end of 2023.

恒大触碰了所有这些红线，减债成为其首要任务。通过资产出售、文化领域的剥离、债转股及其他融资形式，但这些行动只暴露了其巨大的财务黑洞，高达3000亿美元的债务震惊了全球，因其可能引发全球金融危机。然而，外国媒体和投资者达成了一个奇怪的共识：“中国能够处理恒大的问题。”

Evergrande hit all these red lines, making debt reduction its top priority. Various measures were taken, from asset sales, divestments in cultural sectors, debt-to-equity swaps, to other forms of financing. But these actions only exposed the colossal financial black hole, a shocking $300 billion debt, which alarmed the global community given its potential to trigger a worldwide financial crisis. Yet, there was an unusual consensus among foreign media and investors: “China can handle the Evergrande situation.”

到目前为止，国家尚未明确表示干预。信息似乎向企业巨头们传递了一个明确的信号：“没有任何公司大到不能倒。”控制金融风险已经成为中国企业必须谨记的教训。

So far, there’s no clear sign of the state intervening. The message seems clear to corporate giants: “No company is too big to fail.” Controlling financial risks has become a lesson that Chinese enterprises must heed.

房地产行业的黄金时代似乎正在逐渐消逝。开发商利用金融杠杆快速发展的时代已经不复存在。

The golden age for the real estate industry seems to be waning. The era where property developers leveraged financial gains for rapid growth no longer exists.

此外，城投债（即“城投债”或“City Investment Bonds”）也成为关注焦点。这些债券主要由地方政府融资平台（LGFVs）发行，在过去几十年里对中国的城市化进程发挥了关键作用。

Beyond the above, city investment bonds (often referred to as “城投债” or “City Investment Bonds”) have also become a topic of concern. These bonds, mainly issued by local government financing platforms (LGFVs), have played a pivotal role in fueling China’s urbanization drive over the past few decades.

开发商如碧桂园与城投平台关系密切。例如，碧桂园可能从这些平台购买土地，或与它们合作开发。这意味着，当这些平台面临金融风险时，像碧桂园这样的开发商也会直接受到影响。

There’s a close relationship between developers like Country Garden and city investment platforms. For instance, Country Garden might buy land from these platforms or collaborate with them for development. This means that when these platforms face financial risks, developers like Country Garden are directly impacted.

为了应对这些风险，许多开发商，包括碧桂园，正在寻找新的合作模式和资金来源。但显然，这并不是一朝一夕可以解决的问题。这意味着，中国的房地产市场可能会经历一个长期的调整和变化期。

To combat these risks, many developers, including Country Garden, are searching for new partnership models and funding sources. But, clearly, this isn’t an issue that can be resolved overnight. This implies that China’s real estate market might face a prolonged period of adjustment and change.

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以上内容均为个人观点，部分信息来源于网络。如有版权或监管问题，请联系作者。

All the content above represents personal opinions. Some information is sourced from the internet. Please contact the author for any copyright or regulatory concerns.