It's that time of year again, everyone rolling up their sleeves to get a flu shot. This episode dives into the history of the struggles pinning down the causative agent of flu and the journey to the vaccine! ·       Intro 0:12 ·       In this episode 0:17 ·       The history of the flu: 1892 3:10 ·       Rabies and dead virus 10:52 ·       <a href= "https://www.healio.com/news/rheumatology/podcasts/rheuminations/episode-55">A Sickness in the Serum, Part 2</a> 14:31 ·       Vaccines and trials 19:13 ·       Pig influenza 23:21 ·       Influenza: a filterable agent we can’t see 27:10 ·       The trials of 1942 33:18 ·       PS: 1918 influenza 39:13 ·       Finding the 1918 influenza vaccine 39:54 ·       Thanks for listening 47:54 Disclosures: Brown reports no relevant financial disclosures. We’d love to hear from you! Send your comments/questions to Dr. Brown at <a href= "mailto:rheuminationspodcast@healio.com">rheuminationspodcast@healio.com</a>. Follow us on Twitter <a href= "https://twitter.com/HRheuminations">@HRheuminations</a> <a href= "https://twitter.com/AdamJBrownMD">@AdamJBrownMD</a> <a href= "https://twitter.com/HealioRheum">@HealioRheum</a>. References: <a href= "https://academic.oup.com/cei/article/169/3/199/6438583?login=false"> Hicks DJ, et al. Clin Exp Immunol. 2012;doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2012.04592.x.</a> Rosenau MJ. Experiments Upon Volunteers to Determine the Cause and Mode of Spread of Influenza, Boston, November and December, 1918. <a href= "https://quod.lib.umich.edu/f/flu/3750flu.0016.573.%20Published%20February%201921"> https://quod.lib.umich.edu/f/flu/3750flu.0016.573. Published February 1921</a>. Accessed December 6, 2023. <a href= "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/237005"> Rosenau MJ, et al. JAMA. 1925;doi:10.1001/jama.1925.02670070040019.</a> <a href= "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17944266/"> Taubenberger JK, et al. Antivir Ther. 2007;12(4 Pt B):581-91.</a> Tobin J. The first flu shot. <a href= "https://heritage.umich.edu/stories/the-first-flu-shot/"> https://heritage.umich.edu/stories/the-first-flu-shot/</a>. Accessed December 6, 2023.

<description>&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%;"&gt;&lt;span style= "mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black;"&gt;It's that time of year again, everyone rolling up their sleeves to get a flu shot. This episode dives into the history of the struggles pinning down the causative agent of flu and the journey to the vaccine!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style= "text-indent: -.25in; line-height: 106%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"&gt; &lt;!-- [if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style= "font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"&gt;&lt;span style="mso-list: Ignore;"&gt;·&lt;span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;!--[endif]--&gt;Intro &lt;strong style= "mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;em style= "mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"&gt;0:12&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style= "text-indent: -.25in; line-height: 106%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"&gt; &lt;!-- [if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style= "font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"&gt;&lt;span style="mso-list: Ignore;"&gt;·&lt;span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;!--[endif]--&gt;In this episode &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;0:17&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style= "text-indent: -.25in; line-height: 106%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"&gt; &lt;!-- [if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style= "font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"&gt;&lt;span style="mso-list: Ignore;"&gt;·&lt;span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;!--[endif]--&gt;The history of the flu: 1892 &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;3:10&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style= "text-indent: -.25in; line-height: 106%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"&gt; &lt;!-- [if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style= "font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"&gt;&lt;span style="mso-list: Ignore;"&gt;·&lt;span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;!--[endif]--&gt;Rabies and dead virus &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;10:52&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style= "text-indent: -.25in; line-height: 106%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"&gt; &lt;!-- [if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style= "font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"&gt;&lt;span style="mso-list: Ignore;"&gt;·&lt;span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;a href= "https://www.healio.com/news/rheumatology/podcasts/rheuminations/episode-55"&gt;A Sickness in the Serum, Part 2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;14:31&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style= "text-indent: -.25in; line-height: 106%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"&gt; &lt;!-- [if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style= "font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"&gt;&lt;span style="mso-list: Ignore;"&gt;·&lt;span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;!--[endif]--&gt;Vaccines and trials &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;19:13&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style= "text-indent: -.25in; line-height: 106%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"&gt; &lt;!-- [if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style= "font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"&gt;&lt;span style="mso-list: Ignore;"&gt;·&lt;span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;!--[endif]--&gt;Pig influenza &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;23:21&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style= "text-indent: -.25in; line-height: 106%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"&gt; &lt;!-- [if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style= "font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"&gt;&lt;span style="mso-list: Ignore;"&gt;·&lt;span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;!--[endif]--&gt;Influenza: a filterable agent we can’t see &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;27:10&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style= "text-indent: -.25in; line-height: 106%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"&gt; &lt;!-- [if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style= "font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"&gt;&lt;span style="mso-list: Ignore;"&gt;·&lt;span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;!--[endif]--&gt;The trials of 1942 &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;33:18&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style= "text-indent: -.25in; line-height: 106%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"&gt; &lt;!-- [if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style= "font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"&gt;&lt;span style="mso-list: Ignore;"&gt;·&lt;span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;!--[endif]--&gt;PS: 1918 influenza &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;39:13&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style= "text-indent: -.25in; line-height: 106%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"&gt; &lt;!-- [if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style= "font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"&gt;&lt;span style="mso-list: Ignore;"&gt;·&lt;span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;!--[endif]--&gt;Finding the 1918 influenza vaccine &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;39:54&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style= "text-indent: -.25in; line-height: 106%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"&gt; &lt;!-- [if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style= "font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"&gt;&lt;span style="mso-list: Ignore;"&gt;·&lt;span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"&gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;!--[endif]--&gt;Thanks for listening &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;47:54&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Disclosures:&lt;/strong&gt; Brown reports no relevant financial disclosures.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;We’d love to hear from you! Send your comments/questions to Dr. Brown at &lt;a href= "mailto:rheuminationspodcast@healio.com"&gt;rheuminationspodcast@healio.com&lt;/a&gt;. Follow us on Twitter &lt;a href= "https://twitter.com/HRheuminations"&gt;@HRheuminations&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href= "https://twitter.com/AdamJBrownMD"&gt;@AdamJBrownMD&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href= "https://twitter.com/HealioRheum"&gt;@HealioRheum&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;References:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="elementtoproof1" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"&gt;&lt;a href= "https://academic.oup.com/cei/article/169/3/199/6438583?login=false"&gt; &lt;span style= "mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"&gt; Hicks DJ, et al. &lt;em&gt;Clin Exp Immunol&lt;/em&gt;. 2012;doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2012.04592.x.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="elementtoproof1" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"&gt; &lt;span style= "mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"&gt; Rosenau MJ. Experiments Upon Volunteers to Determine the Cause and Mode of Spread of Influenza, Boston, November and December, 1918.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href= "https://quod.lib.umich.edu/f/flu/3750flu.0016.573.%20Published%20February%201921"&gt; &lt;span style= "mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"&gt; https://quod.lib.umich.edu/f/flu/3750flu.0016.573. Published February 1921&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style= "mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"&gt;. Accessed December 6, 2023.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="elementtoproof1" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"&gt;&lt;a href= "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/237005"&gt;&lt;span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"&gt; Rosenau MJ, et al. &lt;em&gt;JAMA&lt;/em&gt;. 1925;doi:10.1001/jama.1925.02670070040019.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="elementtoproof1" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"&gt;&lt;a href= "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17944266/"&gt;&lt;span style= "mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"&gt; Taubenberger JK, et al. &lt;em&gt;Antivir Ther&lt;/em&gt;. 2007;12(4 Pt B):581-91.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="elementtoproof1" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"&gt; &lt;span style= "mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"&gt; Tobin J. The first flu shot.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href= "https://heritage.umich.edu/stories/the-first-flu-shot/"&gt;&lt;span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"&gt; https://heritage.umich.edu/stories/the-first-flu-shot/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"&gt;. Accessed December 6, 2023.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>

It's that time of year again, everyone rolling up their sleeves to get a flu shot. This episode dives into the history of the struggles pinning down the causative agent of flu and the journey to the vaccine!  ·      ...

Healio Rheuminations

The Story of the Flu Vaccine

The Story of the Flu Vaccine

Description