The Power Of Zero Show

David McKnight explores the so-called "22% Roth conversion mistake," which he considers a common and costly mistake when it comes to Roth conversions. He points out that, despite Trump tax cuts being made permanent with the passage of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act in July 2025, tax rates can change at any time with a simple act of Congress. That's why he refers to this as a "temporary permanent tax cut." The $200 trillion underfunding of entitlement programs and the exploding interest on the national debt makes it clear that tax rates are unlikely to stay this low for long. Many Americans currently find themselves in the 22% bracket and refuse to bump into the 24% bracket for Roth conversion purposes – because they've been told to stay in their current bracket. However, if you stay in the 22% bracket, you are unlikely to be able to convert a meaningful amount of your IRA to Roth before tax rates go up for good. David shares an example that illustrates why, by trying to save a little bit on taxes today, you actually set yourself up for a massive tax bill down the road. The other scenario – where you allowed yourself to rise into the 24% bracket – buys you the ability to convert a lot more money every single year. Even though most people would be willing to pay 2% more in taxes today if it meant avoiding potentially much higher tax rates in the future, most people don't consider this option. That's because they have been conditioned to believe that any move into a higher tax bracket during the Roth conversion period is inherently bad… 10 years from now, you are probably going to look back at the 24% tax bracket as a good deal of historic proportions… Remember: you are not trying to minimize taxes this year, you are trying to minimize taxes over the rest of your life. For David, you shouldn't let the 22% Roth conversion mistake keep you from fully insulating your hard-earned retirement savings from the impact of future higher taxes. The goal, he reminds everyone, should be to get to the 0% tax bracket in retirement. Mentioned in this episode: David's new book, available now for pre-order: The Secret Order of Millionaires David's national bestselling book: The Guru Gap: How America's Financial Gurus Are Leading You Astray, and How to Get Back on Track Tax-Free Income for Life: A Step-by-Step Plan for a Secure Retirement by David McKnight DavidMcKnight.com DavidMcKnightBooks.com PowerOfZero.com (free video series) @mcknightandco on Twitter @davidcmcknight on Instagram David McKnight on YouTube Get David's Tax-free Tool Kit at taxfreetoolkit.com One Big Beautiful Bill Act

David McKnight discusses the three biggest retirement planning mistakes that show up over and over again. Avoiding them will dramatically increase the likelihood that your retirement savings will last as long as you do. Mistake #1 pertains to over-accumulating in tax-deferred accounts like 401(k)s and IRAs – a mistake that surprises many people as they feel they're doing everything right. The problem here is that you're taking a deduction at historically low tax rates only to postpone the payment of those taxes to a point in the future where tax rates are likely to be much higher than they are today. The moment you hit age 73 or 75, Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs) kick in. In other words, the IRS is forcing you to take money out, whether you need it or not. Those RMDs get combined with all your other sources of income: The taxable portion of your social security, your pension(s), and your investment income. David notes that, before long, you can find yourself in a higher tax bracket in retirement than you were during your working years. Remember, RMDs count as provisional income, which can cause up to 85% of your social security to become taxable – plus, it can trigger IRMAA surcharges on your Medicare premiums too. Building a retirement plan that is almost entirely tax-deferred looks good on paper but leaves you entirely exposed to the impact of higher taxes in the future. The second mistake is waiting too long to execute Roth conversions. David touches upon the so-called "retirement income valley," the ideal window within which to fully execute your Roth conversion. Many people ignore it. They're hesitant, reluctant to pay a tax to the IRS before it's absolutely required of them. Failing to take advantage of the "retirement income valley" puts you at risk of having your social security become taxable, while also paying higher Medicare premiums for the rest of your life. When it comes to Roth conversions, David recommends having a "rip the band-aid off" approach. It may hurt a little during the conversion period but once that money is in the Roth bucket, it's tax-free for the rest of your life. The third big mistake David sees over and over again is underestimating future tax rates and overestimating your control over them. Most retirement plans today are built on the dangerous assumption that tax rates in the future will look a lot like they do today. However, David stresses that looking at the fiscal trajectory of our country paints a different picture. The national debt will grow by $2 trillion per year over the next 10 years, and $3 trillion per year after that. With the rising interest costs and $200 trillion in unfunded obligations for Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid, there will be a financial day of reckoning where tax rates will be forced higher. David predicts that to be around 2035 – which gives you around 10 years to plan and execute on your plan. People spend their entire lives focusing on building as big a retirement nest egg as possible, but they give almost no thought to the type of accounts within which that nest egg is being built. The lack of consideration for the tax implications upon distributions is a huge oversight, says David. At the end of the day, the only thing that really matters in retirement is how much money you get to spend after taxes. David concludes by highlighting that the best way to regain control over your after-tax income retirement is to pay taxes on it preemptively at historically low tax rates and on your terms (rather than on the IRS' terms). Mentioned in this episode: David's new book, available now for pre-order: The Secret Order of Millionaires David's national bestselling book: The Guru Gap: How America's Financial Gurus Are Leading You Astray, and How to Get Back on Track Tax-Free Income for Life: A Step-by-Step Plan for a Secure Retirement by David McKnight DavidMcKnight.com DavidMcKnightBooks.com PowerOfZero.com (free video series) @mcknightandco on Twitter @davidcmcknight on Instagram David McKnight on YouTube Get David's Tax-free Tool Kit at taxfreetoolkit.com

David McKnight explores a retirement planning phenomenon that almost nobody discusses, but that has been documented repeatedly in academic research. It's the idea that when retirees convert some of their savings into guaranteed lifetime income through an annuity, they actually spend more money and enjoy retirement more than those who rely on their liquid retirement savings alone. Even though many people assume that doing so would make retirees more conservative with their spending, research actually shows the opposite. According to academic studies, when retirees have reliable lifetime income, they actually feel more comfortable spending money. Moreover, when retirees rely purely on investment accounts for income, they often underspend even when they have more than enough money to support their lifestyle. One of the findings of David Blanchett's and Michael Finke's License to Spend research has found that retirees treat guaranteed income very differently than they treat investment portfolios. In some cases, those who have money sitting in investment accounts – rather than guaranteed income – spend about 40 to 50% of what financial models say they could safely withdraw from their portfolios. Behavioral economics, and the so-called loss aversion, more specifically, highlight the fact that human beings are wired to fear loss more than they value gain. David notes that guaranteed lifetime income annuities can actually increase the amount retirees spend and enjoy during retirement. David breaks down the concept of the Retirement Consumption Puzzle. People are comfortable spending income but are terrified of spending principle. In other words, if you give someone a monthly payment, they treat it as income and spend it freely. On the other hand, if you give them a large investment account and tell them to withdraw money from it each year, they all of a sudden become cautious and tighten up the purse strings. When it comes to the stock portfolio, David suggests allocating 70% to a total U.S. stock market index and 30% toward a total international stock market index – and rebalance every time that allocation gets more than 5% out of whack. Mentioned in this episode: David's new book, available now for pre-order: The Secret Order of Millionaires David's national bestselling book: The Guru Gap: How America's Financial Gurus Are Leading You Astray, and How to Get Back on Track Tax-Free Income for Life: A Step-by-Step Plan for a Secure Retirement by David McKnight DavidMcKnight.com DavidMcKnightBooks.com PowerOfZero.com (free video series) @mcknightandco on Twitter @davidcmcknight on Instagram David McKnight on YouTube Get David's Tax-free Tool Kit at taxfreetoolkit.com David Blanchett Michael Finke Fidelity The Urban Institute Ken Fisher

David McKnight touches upon what he considers the most overlooked tax-free income stream. What he's referring to is to leave enough money in your traditional IRA so that your required minimum distributions can be completely offset by your standard deduction in retirement. David believes that focusing on tax-free retirement strategies is more crucial than ever, since it's becoming increasingly clear that taxes are likely to rise dramatically in the future. The United States is $39 trillion in debt and, as interest on that debt continues to grow and compound, the Government will eventually have to find ways to service it. Historically, when Governments face massive debt burdens, they typically do a combination of two things: cut spending or raise taxes. David lists what he considers the best tools for tax-free income in retirement – and why you can justify their inclusion in your balanced, comprehensive tax-free retirement plan. The first resource is Roth IRAs, which allow your money to grow tax-free and be distributed tax-free in retirement. Plus, they provide tremendous liquidity too. Then there are Roth 401(k)s. They have many of the same tax-free benefits as Roth IRAs, but also have an additional advantage. Many employers provide matching Roth 401(k)s contributions in their retirement plans. Hence, you can receive free money from your employer while still building tax-free retirement income. When it comes to Roth conversions, they're beneficial in that they allow you to convert money from tax-deferred accounts like traditional IRAs or 401(k)s into Roth accounts. Additionally, Roth conversions don't have limits on how much money you can convert each year – as long as you're willing to pay the taxes today, you can shift large amounts of money into the tax-free bucket. When designed correctly, cash value life insurance policies allow money to grow tax-deferred and to be accessed tax-free through policy loans. Moreover, they also provide a death benefit that you can receive in advance of your death for the purpose of paying for long-term care. In case you need a volatility buffer, you can use cash value life insurance to draw money from the policy after a down year on the market instead of selling stocks at depressed prices. Leaving enough money in your traditional IRA so that your required minimum distributions can be completely offset by your standard deduction in retirement is the most overlooked tax-free income stream – David illustrates "the Holy Grail of financial planning". HSAs, health saving accounts, are the only other financial tool that allows contributions to be tax-deductible, the growth is tax-deferred, and withdrawals can be tax-free if used for qualified medical purposes. However, HSAs come with certain restrictions on how the money must be spent… David notes that, in a perfect retirement plan, you may have as many as six different streams of tax-free income. The idea behind it is to take advantage of every nook and cranny in the IRS tax code instead of relying on just one tax-free account. Mentioned in this episode: David's new book, available now for pre-order: The Secret Order of Millionaires David's national bestselling book: The Guru Gap: How America's Financial Gurus Are Leading You Astray, and How to Get Back on Track Tax-Free Income for Life: A Step-by-Step Plan for a Secure Retirement by David McKnight DavidMcKnight.com DavidMcKnightBooks.com PowerOfZero.com (free video series) @mcknightandco on Twitter @davidcmcknight on Instagram David McKnight on YouTube Get David's Tax-free Tool Kit at taxfreetoolkit.com Mitt Romney

David McKnight addresses an issue he sees more and more in his conversations with retirees and pre-retirees: the so-called Roth over-conversion trap. The problem stems from converting too much money with the result of shortening the lifespan of your retirement savings. David believes that the reason why many Americans are racing to convert everything they have in their IRAs and 401(k)s has to do with the fear about where the country is headed financially. Penn Wharton has warned repeatedly that, if we don't right our fiscal ship by 2043, no combination of raising taxes or reducing spending will arrest the financial collapse of the country. According to former Comptroller General of the U.S. Government David M. Walker tax rates could have to double to pay for the country's massive $200 trillion unfunded obligations for Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid. The debt-to-GPD ratio, which is one of the simplest measures of a nation's financial health, keeps climbing higher: By 2035 it will be at 150%, while by 2043 at nearly 200%. David warns that what most people don't realize is that in their zeal to avoid higher taxes, they may actually be marching straight into an over-conversion trap – which is just as dangerous as not converting enough money into tax-free. If you end up not having taxable income left to be offset by your standard deduction, you'll end up having a tax shield with nothing to protect. In other words, your deduction will sit idle, completely unused, and will go to waste every single year. That's why David suggests leaving a small, strategic amount of money in your tax-deferred bucket. The idea is to want enough in your IRA or 401(k) so that when required minimum distributions begin at age 73 or 75, those distributions are offset by your standard deduction. David touches upon what he refers to as the "Holy Grail of retirement planning:" You got a deduction on the way in, you grew your money tax-deferred and then you took the money out 100% tax-free by offsetting it with a standard deduction. The million dollar question is how much should you leave in your IRA or 401(k) to make everything work? That's roughly $400,000 for married couples, around $200,000 for single retirees. If you aren't strategic with your retirement planning approach, you may have up to 85% of your Social Security taxable at your highest marginal tax bracket. David sees ensuring your money lasts as long as you do as the #1 retirement planning goal. Remember: you shouldn't reflexively convert 100% of your tax-deferred retirement savings to tax-free. You want to be aware of how the standard deduction in retirement works and execute your Roth conversion strategy accordingly. Mentioned in this episode: David's new book, available now for pre-order: The Secret Order of Millionaires David's national bestselling book: The Guru Gap: How America's Financial Gurus Are Leading You Astray, and How to Get Back on Track Tax-Free Income for Life: A Step-by-Step Plan for a Secure Retirement by David McKnight DavidMcKnight.com DavidMcKnightBooks.com PowerOfZero.com (free video series) @mcknightandco on Twitter @davidcmcknight on Instagram David McKnight on YouTube Get David's Tax-free Tool Kit at taxfreetoolkit.com Penn Wharton David M. Walker