Earlier this month, Israel’s far-right national security minister, Itamar Ben-Gvir, celebrated his 50th birthday – with a noose-themed cake, and a message written in icing: ‘Sometimes dreams come true.’ As the Guardian’s senior Middle East correspondent, Emma Graham-Harrison, explains, for decades Israel had an effective moratorium on capital punishment. Yet in the past two months it has passed two laws around the death penalty – to be applied seemingly only to Palestinians. Annie Kelly asks about this new era of the Israeli justice system, and whether there are any dissenting voices in the country against it