No.191 ️ 比亚迪进化史:造车风云路

MAR 4, 2026173 MIN
半拿铁 | 商业沉浮录

No.191 ️ 比亚迪进化史:造车风云路

MAR 4, 2026173 MIN

Description

<p>主播 | 潇磊 刘飞</p><p>第187期,我们聊了比亚迪的上半场,做电池起家,后来又进军电子代工,然后 2003 年正式进入汽车行业。当时面对各方反对,王传福撂下一句话:我下半辈子就干汽车了。</p><p>本期节目,我们继续复盘比亚迪造车二十年的来时路:</p><p>被砸碎的“316”:砸下上亿研发经费的首款车型,为什么在下线前夕被王传福亲手毙掉?</p><p>F3的逆袭神话:靠着对丰田花冠的“精准致敬”和极致的拆解重组,比亚迪如何用低价策略在合资车包围中赚到了第一桶金?</p><p>巴菲特的“加持”:2008年那个价值18亿港元的投资背后,查理·芒格为什么评价王传福是“爱迪生与韦尔奇的合体”?</p><p>垂直整合的“偏执”:除了轮胎和玻璃,剩下的全部自己造。这种一以贯之的垂直整合,是如何在后来的供应链危机中成了比亚迪的救命稻草?</p><p>新能源的十年孤独:从无人问津的F3DM,到让自己起死回生的刀片电池和DM-i技术,比亚迪如何熬过了那段连年亏损的寒冬,最终迎来又一次全面爆发?</p><p>造车没有捷径,有的只是工程师思维下的数据逻辑和寂静落寞处的清醒和坚持。</p><p>坐吧,来杯半拿铁,我们边喝边唠。</p><img src="https://image.xyzcdn.net/llxn_kkC6iLlz-PfVXu-P092cTUw.png"><br><p>(本信息图由 NotebookLM 生成,问题不少,欢迎来“找茬”)</p><p>————</p><p>�听友投稿邮箱:[email protected]</p><p>️杭州特调「芝麻·半拿铁」的品尝地:西湖区华星路 01coffee</p><p>�半拿铁周边购买淘宝店:小羊商店Sheepedia&nbsp;</p><p>� 半拿铁周边之:《人工智能风云录》纸质书,可在各大电商平台购买</p><p>————</p><p>时间轴:</p><p><a>00:05:41</a> 高效率的王传福</p><p><a>00:10:36</a> 新车型大刀阔斧</p><p><a>00:20:28</a> 卖车首战告捷</p><p><a>00:28:45</a>下一步战略与愿景</p><p><a>00:42:14</a> 新能源技术独立的研究与探索</p><p><a>00:59:39</a> 商用车:曲线救国之路</p><p><a>01:11:53</a> 私家车的星辰大海</p><p><a>01:23:09</a> 增长遭遇打击</p><p><a>01:32:50</a> 问题与调整</p><p><a>01:41:41</a> 困局中的奋斗</p><p><a>02:06:20</a> 二次腾飞时刻</p><p><a>02:17:18</a> 比亚迪产品矩阵与品牌现状</p><p><a>02:24:56</a> 近期销量下滑原因</p><p><a>02:31:39</a> 对于公司及王传福本人的一些评价</p><p><a>02:38:56</a> 比亚迪其他特殊业务</p><p><a>02:41:10</a> 片尾曲</p><p><a>02:44:26</a> 念评论</p><p>————</p><p>比亚迪最早被毙掉的车型-316:</p><p><img src="https://bts-image.xyzcdn.net/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWEtbm90ZWJvb2stcHJvZC5pbWFnZS5teXFjbG91ZC5jb20vMi9kdmhORGVZQndUU01OZGY4OGZvZnhlLzZhMDYxODk3ODdkYjRlNmZhODQwNTgwNGFhOWYyZjYzLndlYnA_cS1zaWduLWFsZ29yaXRobT1zaGExJnEtYWs9QUtJRDlJRHRMWlpLcUdSTzdoVkZuTW4wempYVFhvdm9UdEFOJnEtc2lnbi10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWtleS10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWhlYWRlci1saXN0PSZxLXVybC1wYXJhbS1saXN0PSZxLXNpZ25hdHVyZT0zODU0NWMxODRiYTQ1NDI4ZDRhY2Q1OTI0NWIyYzFhNzQ4NWEzNDlk"></p><p>第一代比亚迪 F3:</p><p><img src="https://bts-image.xyzcdn.net/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWEtbm90ZWJvb2stcHJvZC5pbWFnZS5teXFjbG91ZC5jb20vMi9kdmhORGVZQndUU01OZGY4OGZvZnhlLzcyMjY1MjY0Y2Y5ZjQ4YTNiYWJiNzVhMDgyMmNiYmVkLndlYnA_cS1zaWduLWFsZ29yaXRobT1zaGExJnEtYWs9QUtJRDlJRHRMWlpLcUdSTzdoVkZuTW4wempYVFhvdm9UdEFOJnEtc2lnbi10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWtleS10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWhlYWRlci1saXN0PSZxLXVybC1wYXJhbS1saXN0PSZxLXNpZ25hdHVyZT1hODAwMGEzN2Q1OGY2MzNhMGQ2OGJiYzg5MjJiY2JlY2RiYTZhODU4"></p><p><img src="https://bts-image.xyzcdn.net/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWEtbm90ZWJvb2stcHJvZC5pbWFnZS5teXFjbG91ZC5jb20vMi9kdmhORGVZQndUU01OZGY4OGZvZnhlLzhkZTE2ZDJhZjlkODQ0YzJiZTg5MWVhZDVhY2E5ZmMzLndlYnA_cS1zaWduLWFsZ29yaXRobT1zaGExJnEtYWs9QUtJRDlJRHRMWlpLcUdSTzdoVkZuTW4wempYVFhvdm9UdEFOJnEtc2lnbi10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWtleS10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWhlYWRlci1saXN0PSZxLXVybC1wYXJhbS1saXN0PSZxLXNpZ25hdHVyZT1lMjQwMmY5MTFiNTc0ZTE3ZDFhYjUzYTdjMzhhZDlmYjUyNWZiMmEy"></p><p>丰田花冠:</p><p><img src="https://bts-image.xyzcdn.net/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWEtbm90ZWJvb2stcHJvZC5pbWFnZS5teXFjbG91ZC5jb20vMi9kdmhORGVZQndUU01OZGY4OGZvZnhlLzQ4NDAxOWI3NTRiNjQ2ZTJiYzc5MGVhMTQwODQ5YmEwLndlYnA_cS1zaWduLWFsZ29yaXRobT1zaGExJnEtYWs9QUtJRDlJRHRMWlpLcUdSTzdoVkZuTW4wempYVFhvdm9UdEFOJnEtc2lnbi10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWtleS10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWhlYWRlci1saXN0PSZxLXVybC1wYXJhbS1saXN0PSZxLXNpZ25hdHVyZT0wN2U3YjMxY2JhYjVlMTBjZGVlMzRlNTMwNDFhZTc1ZTdkMTU0NDQ5"></p><p>通用 EV1:</p><p><img src="https://bts-image.xyzcdn.net/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWEtbm90ZWJvb2stcHJvZC5pbWFnZS5teXFjbG91ZC5jb20vMi9kdmhORGVZQndUU01OZGY4OGZvZnhlLzU4ZjAwMDY1NTBiNDQyMjc4OTM3YzdjODIwNjRmMWI3LndlYnA_cS1zaWduLWFsZ29yaXRobT1zaGExJnEtYWs9QUtJRDlJRHRMWlpLcUdSTzdoVkZuTW4wempYVFhvdm9UdEFOJnEtc2lnbi10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWtleS10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWhlYWRlci1saXN0PSZxLXVybC1wYXJhbS1saXN0PSZxLXNpZ25hdHVyZT0yN2FmZTliMjdkZDczOTAzODk5NjI1ZjRhMzU0NzI0ZDk1ZDQ3MTdl"><img src="https://ima-notebook-prod.image.myqcloud.com/2/dvhNDeYBwTSMNdf88fofxe/53f6420a06824e6895352f63b52bd2c8.webp?q-sign-algorithm=sha1&amp;q-ak=AKID9IDtLZZKqGRO7hVFnMn0zjXTXovoTtAN&amp;q-sign-time=1772606870;1772635670&amp;q-key-time=1772606870;1772635670&amp;q-header-list=&amp;q-url-param-list=&amp;q-signature=e8b368823b90c53e818be907485e0c3c26ddd68b"></p><p>比亚迪 2004 年推出的概念电车ET:</p><p><img src="https://bts-image.xyzcdn.net/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWEtbm90ZWJvb2stcHJvZC5pbWFnZS5teXFjbG91ZC5jb20vMi9kdmhORGVZQndUU01OZGY4OGZvZnhlL2Y3MjczYmQ1OTBlNzQ3M2NhMGVjN2Y2M2RhZDQwNTg0LndlYnA_cS1zaWduLWFsZ29yaXRobT1zaGExJnEtYWs9QUtJRDlJRHRMWlpLcUdSTzdoVkZuTW4wempYVFhvdm9UdEFOJnEtc2lnbi10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWtleS10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWhlYWRlci1saXN0PSZxLXVybC1wYXJhbS1saXN0PSZxLXNpZ25hdHVyZT0yNDIxNzRmZTNkMzc5NDJjZjUwNTk5YmEyZTYzZGZhNDU2YWMyMmU0"></p><p>比亚迪F3DM双模电动车:</p><p><img src="https://bts-image.xyzcdn.net/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWEtbm90ZWJvb2stcHJvZC5pbWFnZS5teXFjbG91ZC5jb20vMi9kdmhORGVZQndUU01OZGY4OGZvZnhlL2UwZTgxY2M5ZjA2YjQ2MmJhZGUzMTU1MzY1YmY2ZDllLndlYnA_cS1zaWduLWFsZ29yaXRobT1zaGExJnEtYWs9QUtJRDlJRHRMWlpLcUdSTzdoVkZuTW4wempYVFhvdm9UdEFOJnEtc2lnbi10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWtleS10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWhlYWRlci1saXN0PSZxLXVybC1wYXJhbS1saXN0PSZxLXNpZ25hdHVyZT1iYzMwYTY1NTQyMTQ3MjNhOWNiMDk4MzYyNzNjOGJlYzg5ZWE4YjBm"></p><p>比亚迪F3DM低碳版:</p><p><img src="https://bts-image.xyzcdn.net/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWEtbm90ZWJvb2stcHJvZC5pbWFnZS5teXFjbG91ZC5jb20vMi9kdmhORGVZQndUU01OZGY4OGZvZnhlLzcwZmM5YTBmMWZkOTQxNDc5MTZlMjY5ODJmZjc2OGE3LndlYnA_cS1zaWduLWFsZ29yaXRobT1zaGExJnEtYWs9QUtJRDlJRHRMWlpLcUdSTzdoVkZuTW4wempYVFhvdm9UdEFOJnEtc2lnbi10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWtleS10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWhlYWRlci1saXN0PSZxLXVybC1wYXJhbS1saXN0PSZxLXNpZ25hdHVyZT1jYzI0NmY3ZTYyZDg2N2Y1ZDdiY2NlMDgzMTk4MDFjN2Q2MjYwY2Zk"></p><p><img src="https://bts-image.xyzcdn.net/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWEtbm90ZWJvb2stcHJvZC5pbWFnZS5teXFjbG91ZC5jb20vMi9kdmhORGVZQndUU01OZGY4OGZvZnhlLzA4OWExMTE5NzBiNDRiODY4OGFiZWMyMzg3M2E1YTZhLndlYnA_cS1zaWduLWFsZ29yaXRobT1zaGExJnEtYWs9QUtJRDlJRHRMWlpLcUdSTzdoVkZuTW4wempYVFhvdm9UdEFOJnEtc2lnbi10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWtleS10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWhlYWRlci1saXN0PSZxLXVybC1wYXJhbS1saXN0PSZxLXNpZ25hdHVyZT00ZjZhNTA0MGVhYzk2MmVhZjg3ZWIwMTFlODRhY2Q3ODY4ZTI1NGE0"></p><p>2015 款比亚迪唐:</p><p><img src="https://bts-image.xyzcdn.net/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWEtbm90ZWJvb2stcHJvZC5pbWFnZS5teXFjbG91ZC5jb20vMi9kdmhORGVZQndUU01OZGY4OGZvZnhlLzZlYzliZjYyYjRhYzQwYjI5Nzk2ZDBlNzlmNGQyMzdhLndlYnA_cS1zaWduLWFsZ29yaXRobT1zaGExJnEtYWs9QUtJRDlJRHRMWlpLcUdSTzdoVkZuTW4wempYVFhvdm9UdEFOJnEtc2lnbi10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWtleS10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWhlYWRlci1saXN0PSZxLXVybC1wYXJhbS1saXN0PSZxLXNpZ25hdHVyZT03MDMwZGE5ODE5MmIwMmM4ZjE5NTdmYjdkZjhlNDE0OTZlMjcxZDEw"></p><p>2018 款比亚迪唐:</p><p><img src="https://bts-image.xyzcdn.net/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWEtbm90ZWJvb2stcHJvZC5pbWFnZS5teXFjbG91ZC5jb20vMi9kdmhORGVZQndUU01OZGY4OGZvZnhlL2ViYTFlNjJhMmZjOTRiZTQ5ZDRiYTZjNmMyZWU1MThiLndlYnA_cS1zaWduLWFsZ29yaXRobT1zaGExJnEtYWs9QUtJRDlJRHRMWlpLcUdSTzdoVkZuTW4wempYVFhvdm9UdEFOJnEtc2lnbi10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWtleS10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWhlYWRlci1saXN0PSZxLXVybC1wYXJhbS1saXN0PSZxLXNpZ25hdHVyZT0zNjJlNGU1YTFiNjdhYzIyYWRjMWRhNTg5ZDE0MWMyZTQxYjg0OGJh"></p><p>比亚迪刀片电池:</p><p><img src="https://bts-image.xyzcdn.net/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWEtbm90ZWJvb2stcHJvZC5pbWFnZS5teXFjbG91ZC5jb20vMi9kdmhORGVZQndUU01OZGY4OGZvZnhlL2I3ZGIyOWNiMzU3OTQzY2U5ZGU4NGZhMDVlMGNmOTI5LndlYnA_cS1zaWduLWFsZ29yaXRobT1zaGExJnEtYWs9QUtJRDlJRHRMWlpLcUdSTzdoVkZuTW4wempYVFhvdm9UdEFOJnEtc2lnbi10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWtleS10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWhlYWRlci1saXN0PSZxLXVybC1wYXJhbS1saXN0PSZxLXNpZ25hdHVyZT04ODcwOGRlZDU3NWRmNTUyZGU2MGIwZTIyNTAzNjFhZjA0YzczMjVl"><img src="https://ima-notebook-prod.image.myqcloud.com/2/dvhNDeYBwTSMNdf88fofxe/c3c8cb7e61db4872a94b41dddcf7a44c.webp?q-sign-algorithm=sha1&amp;q-ak=AKID9IDtLZZKqGRO7hVFnMn0zjXTXovoTtAN&amp;q-sign-time=1772606870;1772635670&amp;q-key-time=1772606870;1772635670&amp;q-header-list=&amp;q-url-param-list=&amp;q-signature=3108efb90c7f6e9d6354ed165a05c062471c1856"></p><p>非最新版本的比亚迪汽车品牌图谱:</p><p><img src="https://bts-image.xyzcdn.net/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWEtbm90ZWJvb2stcHJvZC5pbWFnZS5teXFjbG91ZC5jb20vMi9kdmhORGVZQndUU01OZGY4OGZvZnhlL2JlMjc4ZDE5MzYyMDQ3M2ZiNDhhMjA1N2Q4ZjQyNjAzLndlYnA_cS1zaWduLWFsZ29yaXRobT1zaGExJnEtYWs9QUtJRDlJRHRMWlpLcUdSTzdoVkZuTW4wempYVFhvdm9UdEFOJnEtc2lnbi10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWtleS10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWhlYWRlci1saXN0PSZxLXVybC1wYXJhbS1saXN0PSZxLXNpZ25hdHVyZT1lNTk2YTExMDNiMjk1NGNhNjE4YWEzODViMjU0MzAzOWEwNzNlNzJj"></p><p>比亚迪集团全系车型价格天梯图(图源MotorGogo):</p><p><img src="https://bts-image.xyzcdn.net/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWEtbm90ZWJvb2stcHJvZC5pbWFnZS5teXFjbG91ZC5jb20vMi9kdmhORGVZQndUU01OZGY4OGZvZnhlLzE2NjU5YTE3MzI0MjQ3Njg4YTZiM2Y3NjM4Y2U0Njk5LndlYnA_cS1zaWduLWFsZ29yaXRobT1zaGExJnEtYWs9QUtJRDlJRHRMWlpLcUdSTzdoVkZuTW4wempYVFhvdm9UdEFOJnEtc2lnbi10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWtleS10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWhlYWRlci1saXN0PSZxLXVybC1wYXJhbS1saXN0PSZxLXNpZ25hdHVyZT01MTkyYzM0NTliZTdmYzYwNjQ5NjJjZjczZmJiZGNjN2FjYmNhMjA4"></p><p><img src="https://bts-image.xyzcdn.net/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWEtbm90ZWJvb2stcHJvZC5pbWFnZS5teXFjbG91ZC5jb20vMi9kdmhORGVZQndUU01OZGY4OGZvZnhlLzBmZDhjMGRiMzFjNDQwNTE5ODVjN2NlYTU5YjEzMDRmLndlYnA_cS1zaWduLWFsZ29yaXRobT1zaGExJnEtYWs9QUtJRDlJRHRMWlpLcUdSTzdoVkZuTW4wempYVFhvdm9UdEFOJnEtc2lnbi10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWtleS10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWhlYWRlci1saXN0PSZxLXVybC1wYXJhbS1saXN0PSZxLXNpZ25hdHVyZT01MjhjY2Y5MTU2YjQxNGZkYmUwMTUwNGZkYmZhYWU0ZDgxYjM4YTQy"></p><p><img src="https://bts-image.xyzcdn.net/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWEtbm90ZWJvb2stcHJvZC5pbWFnZS5teXFjbG91ZC5jb20vMi9kdmhORGVZQndUU01OZGY4OGZvZnhlL2I3YTkyZGY0MTg4NjQ2MWQ4ZjI1MTJjOWM3NDY4MDkwLndlYnA_cS1zaWduLWFsZ29yaXRobT1zaGExJnEtYWs9QUtJRDlJRHRMWlpLcUdSTzdoVkZuTW4wempYVFhvdm9UdEFOJnEtc2lnbi10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWtleS10aW1lPTE3NzI2MDY4NzA7MTc3MjYzNTY3MCZxLWhlYWRlci1saXN0PSZxLXVybC1wYXJhbS1saXN0PSZxLXNpZ25hdHVyZT1jYmQyYTJlNzgwZjAwNDZhOGU1NTZiMTU1OWI2YzQ4YzFhMTliMGQw"></p><img src="https://image.xyzcdn.net/FqvzHrsfnedaEPdhwhNQsg-HFpWT.png"><p>————</p><p>主要参考资料:</p><p>《工程师之魂》 秦朔 熊玥伽 中信出版集团</p><p>《王传福与比亚迪》 李佳怡 浙江人民出版社</p><p>《换道赛车:新能源汽车的中国道路》苗圩 人民邮电出版社</p><p>《王传福在比亚迪成立30周年大会上的演讲》 王传福</p><p>《比亚迪 30 年的 13 个决定性瞬间:关于野心、抉择和一些运气》 司雯雯 赵宇 李梓楠 晚点 Auto</p><p>《从“比三万”到“迪王”:比亚迪跌宕三十年》 新华社</p><p>《9年前比亚迪第一批新能源车主,现在怎么样了?|真实车主》 电动车公社</p><p>《比亚迪第五品牌领汇汽车正式发布》 迪厂</p><p>《1月车市格局透视:油车回潮,电车遇冷》 杜余鑫</p><p>《2025年比亚迪出口总结:全年出口量突破101万辆,同比增速高达142%》 盖世汽车研究院中国乘用车出口数据库</p><p>《少卖21万辆,开年即遇“下马威”?比亚迪意外大跌已被老对手领先》 新浪财经</p><p>《2025全球汽车销量TOP10出炉》 财联社</p><p>《“恐高”比亚迪,“狂人”王传福的进化史》 节点财经</p><p>《比亚迪云轨“墙内开花墙外香”,巴西首秀测试时速达60公里》 Rail</p><p>《云巴:能否率先突破低运量轨道交通的发展泥潭?》 行走交通</p><p>《王传福最新发声:比亚迪不打营销战,不拉踩对手》 新京报</p><p>《王传福几度落泪,“比亚迪是我的生命”!还称从不拉踩别人,这是原则》 21世纪经济报道</p><p>《为什么比亚迪30周年发布的《工程师之魂》一书,在豆瓣是被疯狂打1星?》 知乎</p><p>《在比亚迪工作是种怎样的体验?》 知乎</p><p>————</p><p>片尾曲:</p><p>《云巢》 普阿山/MoonJellies</p><p>封面图:</p><p>ChatGPT</p><p>本期制作:</p><p>戎戈</p>