In this episode of the Research Bites Podcast, Dr. Kristina Spaulding dives deep into two foundational—but often under-discussed—forms of non-associative learning: sensitization and habituation. Drawing on research and classic learning theory, she explains what these processes are, how they differ, why they matter, and how they show up every day in companion animals. Dr. Spaulding connects the research to practical strategies you can use right away. From monitoring behavior and adjusting stimulus intensity to incorporating conditioning and systematic desensitization, this episode offers clear guidance for helping animals move toward calmer, more adaptive responses.  This episode will help you learn how to apply these principles thoughtfully in real-world training and behavior work. Whether you&apos;re a trainer, behavior consultant, or simply passionate about science-informed practice, this episode will deepen your understanding of how animals learn—and how you can support them more effectively.For more information, please check out my website and social media links below! <ul> <li>Website: <a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/'>https://sciencemattersllc.com/ </a> </li> <li>Unlocking Resilience: <a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience'>https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience</a> </li> <li>Research Bites: <a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites'>https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites</a> </li> <li><a href='https://link.digiwoof.com/widget/form/KfX9m81bbUlD35sdaoV1%20'>Join the Science Matters newsletter</a></li> <li><a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8kk1v2zwQhH-NeItBUmIkHXgwYvhN3n4kdVCkPQnUciUR5odAUnbcX1_ICYoegl4HQ86zOwud0fJw2P3cTpeZLcvSfxNPxx8vDdGSclYLQXRwyniZLimj2yQw6AGdyhljshY2ENy7pwtnjzFNZu7yZUZpA6hswpuuCUpW85bSitU1QaeM7RympEZcIS7jOPbPbXwc73j7-jDFg_jy7rp-BsrNyoz-L219dltT0d6iog0bmkFAWQNwXvcE_cnE4B36LOcY9AIrCpmk1oqDaijXQ0VFr-qWlo2qajYowYYKiZGc8opRJlglblm9EVRDD4KWuhl4X_Kiov_chpVTznMqym3B9wXfW-OPG21Gcw5hWB0F31-nuMlRwdH4seB7KHvUJVJs66LcQ_BZQX7QRbnL7vvW_v_f_XNzxx5bvI8xjsSGa3XZfh5iv3uhX0_60-v8a9o9nYnDPAUt1WzIHMPJaIzSotIQvEfIIZIolT6mWS1Wr-kVHVecK3wKSwSUb3wmnW7OIR4xkrzW2X2YlyUE1314RVli7v5Ud5L8dwAAAP__1xrZKw'>Facebook</a></li> <li><a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8ks1u2zAQhJ9GvMUgKVE_Bx6MGG7Sv6QOirQngVquJMIiKZCUHffpCzlB0UOQ62DI-XZnoTVaHg6739vxMrNlWbof4vH467kmWlLOKiGI9lYZJ-MlJrSbCAYdoFUpYYjTBBvw9s3T-rPDEEczt-kyo5w8qGT8q64JSlbxhtKCVRVBq8zUWoxRDbhCXIZh6J6a8DDc8ublfgwH8e3Ndf0MlJ2VGdx_2vqsrKhoSlS0Zn3dC8grAM6rjqA7meCdRZfkHLxeYEUho2SAPeOKCwVdqUTVsb4QRVdqDVDWORIjOeUFo0ywQpSs2giqoQNBc133vMt5VtAPtzHJMaU5Zvk24_uM7yfjjhttBnP2vl8dGd9fp7hJQcHRuCHj-7opeY4VrWrM8j14lxSke53lu2R_bqfPn-6e6lv20OBdCGEgk79Wl6avfeh2z_T7SX95mf-Mu8czsZhGr6WaDZmDPxmNQU6oNHjnEJIPJEilj3FWy6TX9IIOK84VPvolAMpXPhNPN2cfjhhIWuts381LErxt372iJDG1_6o7Sf43AAD__7_22Ns'>...</a></li></ul>

<description>&lt;p&gt; In this episode of the &lt;em&gt;Research Bites Podcast&lt;/em&gt;, Dr. Kristina Spaulding dives deep into two foundational—but often under-discussed—forms of non-associative learning: sensitization and habituation. Drawing on research and classic learning theory, she explains what these processes are, how they differ, why they matter, and how they show up every day in companion animals. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dr. Spaulding connects the research to practical strategies you can use right away. From monitoring behavior and adjusting stimulus intensity to incorporating conditioning and systematic desensitization, this episode offers clear guidance for helping animals move toward calmer, more adaptive responses.  This episode will help you learn how to apply these principles thoughtfully in real-world training and behavior work. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Whether you&amp;apos;re a trainer, behavior consultant, or simply passionate about science-informed practice, this episode will deepen your understanding of how animals learn—and how you can support them more effectively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;For more information, please check out my website and social media links below!&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;Website: &lt;a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/'&gt;https://sciencemattersllc.com/ &lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Unlocking Resilience: &lt;a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience'&gt;https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Research Bites: &lt;a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites'&gt;https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href='https://link.digiwoof.com/widget/form/KfX9m81bbUlD35sdaoV1%20'&gt;Join the Science Matters newsletter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8kk1v2zwQhH-NeItBUmIkHXgwYvhN3n4kdVCkPQnUciUR5odAUnbcX1_ICYoegl4HQ86zOwud0fJw2P3cTpeZLcvSfxNPxx8vDdGSclYLQXRwyniZLimj2yQw6AGdyhljshY2ENy7pwtnjzFNZu7yZUZpA6hswpuuCUpW85bSitU1QaeM7RympEZcIS7jOPbPbXwc73j7-jDFg_jy7rp-BsrNyoz-L219dltT0d6iog0bmkFAWQNwXvcE_cnE4B36LOcY9AIrCpmk1oqDaijXQ0VFr-qWlo2qajYowYYKiZGc8opRJlglblm9EVRDD4KWuhl4X_Kiov_chpVTznMqym3B9wXfW-OPG21Gcw5hWB0F31-nuMlRwdH4seB7KHvUJVJs66LcQ_BZQX7QRbnL7vvW_v_f_XNzxx5bvI8xjsSGa3XZfh5iv3uhX0_60-v8a9o9nYnDPAUt1WzIHMPJaIzSotIQvEfIIZIolT6mWS1Wr-kVHVecK3wKSwSUb3wmnW7OIR4xkrzW2X2YlyUE1314RVli7v5Ud5L8dwAAAP__1xrZKw'&gt;Facebook&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8ks1u2zAQhJ9GvMUgKVE_Bx6MGG7Sv6QOirQngVquJMIiKZCUHffpCzlB0UOQ62DI-XZnoTVaHg6739vxMrNlWbof4vH467kmWlLOKiGI9lYZJ-MlJrSbCAYdoFUpYYjTBBvw9s3T-rPDEEczt-kyo5w8qGT8q64JSlbxhtKCVRVBq8zUWoxRDbhCXIZh6J6a8DDc8ublfgwH8e3Ndf0MlJ2VGdx_2vqsrKhoSlS0Zn3dC8grAM6rjqA7meCdRZfkHLxeYEUho2SAPeOKCwVdqUTVsb4QRVdqDVDWORIjOeUFo0ywQpSs2giqoQNBc133vMt5VtAPtzHJMaU5Zvk24_uM7yfjjhttBnP2vl8dGd9fp7hJQcHRuCHj-7opeY4VrWrM8j14lxSke53lu2R_bqfPn-6e6lv20OBdCGEgk79Wl6avfeh2z_T7SX95mf-Mu8czsZhGr6WaDZmDPxmNQU6oNHjnEJIPJEilj3FWy6TX9IIOK84VPvolAMpXPhNPN2cfjhhIWuts381LErxt372iJDG1_6o7Sf43AAD__7_22Ns'&gt;...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;</description>

 In this episode of the Research Bites Podcast, Dr. Kristina Spaulding dives deep into two foundational—but often under-discussed—forms of non-associative learning: sensitization and habituation. Drawing on research and classic learning theory, she explains what these processes are, how they differ, why they matter, and how they show up every day in companion animals.  Dr. Spaulding connects the research to practical strategies you can use right away. From monitoring behavior and ad...

#37: Sensitization vs. Habituation: What Every Trainer Needs to Know

One of the most common questions Dr. Kristina Spaulding hears is whether stress “stays in the system” for three days. In this episode, she digs into what that really means, what the research shows, and why the truth is more complex than a simple yes or no.She begins with the biology of the stress response—how the HPA axis and sympathetic nervous system work together, the roles of cortisol and corticosterone, and why not all stress is bad. Then she takes on the central question: how long does stress actually last? You’ll learn how long it typically takes for stress hormones to peak and return to baseline, and the many factors that influence recovery, making exact estimates of the duration of the stress response extremely difficult.Dr. Spaulding also explores sensitization and cross-sensitization—how prior stress can make animals more reactive to future challenges, even entirely different ones. This has big implications for understanding anxiety, PTSD, and the impacts of stress on behavior. Finally, she discusses chronic and developmental stress and why a blunted stress response doesn’t necessarily mean an animal is “fine.”The idea that stress lingers for three days is a myth. Hormones often normalize within hours, but the effects of stress—especially repeated or early-life stress—can last for days, weeks, or even a lifetime.Resources:Garcia, Arantxa, Octavi Marti, Astrid Valles, Silvina Dal-Zotto, and Antonio Armario. “Recovery of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Response to Stress: Effect of Stress Intensity, Stress Duration and Prevention Stress Exposure.” Neuroendocrinology 72, no. 2 (August 2000): 114–25.Belda, X., Rotllant, D., Fuentes, S., Delgado, R., Nadal, R., &amp; Armario, A. (2008). Exposure to severe stressors causes long‐lasting dysregulation of resting and stress‐induced activation of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1148(1), 165-173.For more information, please check out my website and social media links below! <ul> <li>Website: <a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/'>https://sciencemattersllc.com/ </a> </li> <li>Unlocking Resilience: <a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience'>https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience</a> </li> <li>Research Bites: <a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites'>https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites</a> </li> <li><a href='https://link.digiwoof.com/widget/form/KfX9m81bbUlD35sdaoV1%20'>Join the Science Matters newsletter</a></li> <li><a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8kk1v2zwQhH-NeItBUmIkHXgwYvhN3n4kdVCkPQnUciUR5odAUnbcX1_ICYoegl4HQ86zOwud0fJw2P3cTpeZLcvSfxNPxx8vDdGSclYLQXRwyniZLimj2yQw6AGdyhljshY2ENy7pwtnjzFNZu7yZUZpA6hswpuuCUpW85bSitU1QaeM7RympEZcIS7jOPbPbXwc73j7-jDFg_jy7rp-BsrNyoz-L219dltT0d6iog0bmkFAWQNwXvcE_cnE4B36LOcY9AIrCpmk1oqDaijXQ0VFr-qWlo2qajYowYYKiZGc8opRJlglblm9EVRDD4KWuhl4X_Kiov_chpVTznMqym3B9wXfW-OPG21Gcw5hWB0F31-nuMlRwdH4seB7KHvUJVJs66LcQ_BZQX7QRbnL7vvW_v_f_XNzxx5bvI8xjsSGa3XZfh5iv3uhX0_60-v8a9o9nYnDPAUt1WzIHMPJaIzSotIQvEfIIZIolT6mWS1Wr-kVHVecK3wKSwSUb3wmnW7OIR4xkrzW2X2YlyUE1314RVli7v5Ud5L8dwAAAP__1xrZKw'>Facebook</a></li> <li><a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8ks1u2zAQhJ9GvMUgKVE_Bx6MGG7Sv6QOirQngVquJMIiKZCUHffpCzlB0UOQ62DI-XZnoTVaHg6739vxMrNlWbof4vH467kmWlLOKiGI9lYZJ-MlJrSbCAYdoFUpYYjTBBvw9s3T-rPDEEczt-kyo5w8qGT8q64JSlbxhtKCVRVBq8zUWoxRDbhCXIZh6J6a8DDc8ublfgwH8e3Ndf0MlJ2VGdx_2vqsrKhoSlS0Zn3dC8grAM6rjqA7meCdRZfkHLxeYEUho2SAPeOKCwVdqUTVsb4QRVdqDVDWORIjOeUFo0ywQpSs2giqoQNBc133vMt5VtAPtzHJMaU5Zvk24_uM7yfjjhttBnP2vl8dGd9fp7hJQcHRuCHj-7opeY4VrWrM8j14lxSke53lu2R_bqfPn-6e6lv20OBdCGEgk79Wl6avfeh2z_T7SX95mf-Mu8czsZhGr6WaDZmDPxmNQU6oNHjnEJIPJEilj3FWy6TX9IIOK84VPvolAMpXPhNPN2cfjhhIWuts381LErxt372iJDG1_6o7Sf43AAD__7_22Ns'>...</a></li></ul>

<description>&lt;p&gt;One of the most common questions Dr. Kristina Spaulding hears is whether stress “stays in the system” for three days. In this episode, she digs into what that really means, what the research shows, and why the truth is more complex than a simple yes or no.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;She begins with the biology of the stress response—how the HPA axis and sympathetic nervous system work together, the roles of cortisol and corticosterone, and why not all stress is bad. Then she takes on the central question: how long does stress actually last? You’ll learn how long it typically takes for stress hormones to peak and return to baseline, and the many factors that influence recovery, making exact estimates of the duration of the stress response extremely difficult.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dr. Spaulding also explores sensitization and cross-sensitization—how prior stress can make animals more reactive to future challenges, even entirely different ones. This has big implications for understanding anxiety, PTSD, and the impacts of stress on behavior. Finally, she discusses chronic and developmental stress and why a blunted stress response doesn’t necessarily mean an animal is “fine.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The idea that stress lingers for three days is a myth. Hormones often normalize within hours, but the effects of stress—especially repeated or early-life stress—can last for days, weeks, or even a lifetime.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Resources&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Garcia, Arantxa, Octavi Marti, Astrid Valles, Silvina Dal-Zotto, and Antonio Armario. “Recovery of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Response to Stress: Effect of Stress Intensity, Stress Duration and Prevention Stress Exposure.” &lt;em&gt;Neuroendocrinology&lt;/em&gt; 72, no. 2 (August 2000): 114–25.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Belda, X., Rotllant, D., Fuentes, S., Delgado, R., Nadal, R., &amp;amp; Armario, A. (2008). Exposure to severe stressors causes long‐lasting dysregulation of resting and stress‐induced activation of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis. &lt;em&gt;Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;1148&lt;/em&gt;(1), 165-173.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;For more information, please check out my website and social media links below!&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;Website: &lt;a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/'&gt;https://sciencemattersllc.com/ &lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Unlocking Resilience: &lt;a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience'&gt;https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Research Bites: &lt;a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites'&gt;https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href='https://link.digiwoof.com/widget/form/KfX9m81bbUlD35sdaoV1%20'&gt;Join the Science Matters newsletter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8kk1v2zwQhH-NeItBUmIkHXgwYvhN3n4kdVCkPQnUciUR5odAUnbcX1_ICYoegl4HQ86zOwud0fJw2P3cTpeZLcvSfxNPxx8vDdGSclYLQXRwyniZLimj2yQw6AGdyhljshY2ENy7pwtnjzFNZu7yZUZpA6hswpuuCUpW85bSitU1QaeM7RympEZcIS7jOPbPbXwc73j7-jDFg_jy7rp-BsrNyoz-L219dltT0d6iog0bmkFAWQNwXvcE_cnE4B36LOcY9AIrCpmk1oqDaijXQ0VFr-qWlo2qajYowYYKiZGc8opRJlglblm9EVRDD4KWuhl4X_Kiov_chpVTznMqym3B9wXfW-OPG21Gcw5hWB0F31-nuMlRwdH4seB7KHvUJVJs66LcQ_BZQX7QRbnL7vvW_v_f_XNzxx5bvI8xjsSGa3XZfh5iv3uhX0_60-v8a9o9nYnDPAUt1WzIHMPJaIzSotIQvEfIIZIolT6mWS1Wr-kVHVecK3wKSwSUb3wmnW7OIR4xkrzW2X2YlyUE1314RVli7v5Ud5L8dwAAAP__1xrZKw'&gt;Facebook&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8ks1u2zAQhJ9GvMUgKVE_Bx6MGG7Sv6QOirQngVquJMIiKZCUHffpCzlB0UOQ62DI-XZnoTVaHg6739vxMrNlWbof4vH467kmWlLOKiGI9lYZJ-MlJrSbCAYdoFUpYYjTBBvw9s3T-rPDEEczt-kyo5w8qGT8q64JSlbxhtKCVRVBq8zUWoxRDbhCXIZh6J6a8DDc8ublfgwH8e3Ndf0MlJ2VGdx_2vqsrKhoSlS0Zn3dC8grAM6rjqA7meCdRZfkHLxeYEUho2SAPeOKCwVdqUTVsb4QRVdqDVDWORIjOeUFo0ywQpSs2giqoQNBc133vMt5VtAPtzHJMaU5Zvk24_uM7yfjjhttBnP2vl8dGd9fp7hJQcHRuCHj-7opeY4VrWrM8j14lxSke53lu2R_bqfPn-6e6lv20OBdCGEgk79Wl6avfeh2z_T7SX95mf-Mu8czsZhGr6WaDZmDPxmNQU6oNHjnEJIPJEilj3FWy6TX9IIOK84VPvolAMpXPhNPN2cfjhhIWuts381LErxt372iJDG1_6o7Sf43AAD__7_22Ns'&gt;...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;</description>

One of the most common questions Dr. Kristina Spaulding hears is whether stress “stays in the system” for three days. In this episode, she digs into what that really means, what the research shows, and why the truth is more complex than a simple yes or no. She begins with the biology of the stress response—how the HPA axis and sympathetic nervous system work together, the roles of cortisol and corticosterone, and why not all stress is bad. Then she takes on the central question: how long does...

#36: Does Stress Really “Stay in the System” for Three Days?

In this episode of the Research Bites Podcast, Dr. Kristina Spaulding talks with Dr. (Jessica) Perry Hekman, DVM, PhD — behavioral geneticist and co-founder of the Functional Dog Collaborative — about what genetics can (and can’t) tell us about dog behavior.Dr. Hekman shares her journey from veterinary practice to genetics research and helps unpack key concepts like heritability, epigenetics, and behavioral phenotypes. Together, they explore what the science really says about breed and behavior — including a thoughtful look at the much-debated 2022 Darwin’s Ark study.The conversation takes a nuanced look at some of the biggest questions in our field: What does “breed” actually mean? How much variation exists within breeds? And how do genes and environment interact to shape the dogs we live and work with? While these questions don’t yet have clear, concrete answers, Dr. Hekman helps shed light on what current research can tell us — and where science is still evolving.Dr. Hekman also discusses the goals of the Functional Dog Collaborative, which promotes evidence-based breeding practices that support genetic diversity, health, and sound temperament. The discussion concludes with a look at how trainers and behavior professionals can contribute to a more informed, ethical approach to breeding and behavior.For more information, please check out my website and social media links below! <ul> <li>Website: <a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/'>https://sciencemattersllc.com/ </a> </li> <li>Unlocking Resilience: <a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience'>https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience</a> </li> <li>Research Bites: <a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites'>https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites</a> </li> <li><a href='https://link.digiwoof.com/widget/form/KfX9m81bbUlD35sdaoV1%20'>Join the Science Matters newsletter</a></li> <li><a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8kk1v2zwQhH-NeItBUmIkHXgwYvhN3n4kdVCkPQnUciUR5odAUnbcX1_ICYoegl4HQ86zOwud0fJw2P3cTpeZLcvSfxNPxx8vDdGSclYLQXRwyniZLimj2yQw6AGdyhljshY2ENy7pwtnjzFNZu7yZUZpA6hswpuuCUpW85bSitU1QaeM7RympEZcIS7jOPbPbXwc73j7-jDFg_jy7rp-BsrNyoz-L219dltT0d6iog0bmkFAWQNwXvcE_cnE4B36LOcY9AIrCpmk1oqDaijXQ0VFr-qWlo2qajYowYYKiZGc8opRJlglblm9EVRDD4KWuhl4X_Kiov_chpVTznMqym3B9wXfW-OPG21Gcw5hWB0F31-nuMlRwdH4seB7KHvUJVJs66LcQ_BZQX7QRbnL7vvW_v_f_XNzxx5bvI8xjsSGa3XZfh5iv3uhX0_60-v8a9o9nYnDPAUt1WzIHMPJaIzSotIQvEfIIZIolT6mWS1Wr-kVHVecK3wKSwSUb3wmnW7OIR4xkrzW2X2YlyUE1314RVli7v5Ud5L8dwAAAP__1xrZKw'>Facebook</a></li> <li><a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8ks1u2zAQhJ9GvMUgKVE_Bx6MGG7Sv6QOirQngVquJMIiKZCUHffpCzlB0UOQ62DI-XZnoTVaHg6739vxMrNlWbof4vH467kmWlLOKiGI9lYZJ-MlJrSbCAYdoFUpYYjTBBvw9s3T-rPDEEczt-kyo5w8qGT8q64JSlbxhtKCVRVBq8zUWoxRDbhCXIZh6J6a8DDc8ublfgwH8e3Ndf0MlJ2VGdx_2vqsrKhoSlS0Zn3dC8grAM6rjqA7meCdRZfkHLxeYEUho2SAPeOKCwVdqUTVsb4QRVdqDVDWORIjOeUFo0ywQpSs2giqoQNBc133vMt5VtAPtzHJMaU5Zvk24_uM7yfjjhttBnP2vl8dGd9fp7hJQcHRuCHj-7opeY4VrWrM8j14lxSke53lu2R_bqfPn-6e6lv20OBdCGEgk79Wl6avfeh2z_T7SX95mf-Mu8czsZhGr6WaDZmDPxmNQU6oNHjnEJIPJEilj3FWy6TX9IIOK84VPvolAMpXPhNPN2cfjhhIWuts381LErxt372iJDG1_6o7Sf43AAD__7_22Ns'>...</a></li></ul>

<description>&lt;p&gt;In this episode of the &lt;b&gt;Research Bites Podcast&lt;/b&gt;, Dr. Kristina Spaulding talks with &lt;b&gt;Dr. (Jessica) Perry Hekman, DVM, PhD&lt;/b&gt; — behavioral geneticist and co-founder of the &lt;b&gt;Functional Dog Collaborative&lt;/b&gt; — about what genetics can (and can’t) tell us about dog behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dr. Hekman shares her journey from veterinary practice to genetics research and helps unpack key concepts like &lt;em&gt;heritability&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;epigenetics&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;behavioral phenotypes&lt;/em&gt;. Together, they explore what the science really says about breed and behavior — including a thoughtful look at the much-debated 2022 &lt;b&gt;Darwin’s Ark&lt;/b&gt; study.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The conversation takes a nuanced look at some of the biggest questions in our field: What does “breed” actually mean? How much variation exists within breeds? And how do genes and environment interact to shape the dogs we live and work with? While these questions don’t yet have clear, concrete answers, Dr. Hekman helps shed light on what current research can tell us — and where science is still evolving.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dr. Hekman also discusses the goals of the Functional Dog Collaborative, which promotes evidence-based breeding practices that support genetic diversity, health, and sound temperament. The discussion concludes with a look at how trainers and behavior professionals can contribute to a more informed, ethical approach to breeding and behavior.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;For more information, please check out my website and social media links below!&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;Website: &lt;a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/'&gt;https://sciencemattersllc.com/ &lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Unlocking Resilience: &lt;a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience'&gt;https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Research Bites: &lt;a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites'&gt;https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href='https://link.digiwoof.com/widget/form/KfX9m81bbUlD35sdaoV1%20'&gt;Join the Science Matters newsletter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8kk1v2zwQhH-NeItBUmIkHXgwYvhN3n4kdVCkPQnUciUR5odAUnbcX1_ICYoegl4HQ86zOwud0fJw2P3cTpeZLcvSfxNPxx8vDdGSclYLQXRwyniZLimj2yQw6AGdyhljshY2ENy7pwtnjzFNZu7yZUZpA6hswpuuCUpW85bSitU1QaeM7RympEZcIS7jOPbPbXwc73j7-jDFg_jy7rp-BsrNyoz-L219dltT0d6iog0bmkFAWQNwXvcE_cnE4B36LOcY9AIrCpmk1oqDaijXQ0VFr-qWlo2qajYowYYKiZGc8opRJlglblm9EVRDD4KWuhl4X_Kiov_chpVTznMqym3B9wXfW-OPG21Gcw5hWB0F31-nuMlRwdH4seB7KHvUJVJs66LcQ_BZQX7QRbnL7vvW_v_f_XNzxx5bvI8xjsSGa3XZfh5iv3uhX0_60-v8a9o9nYnDPAUt1WzIHMPJaIzSotIQvEfIIZIolT6mWS1Wr-kVHVecK3wKSwSUb3wmnW7OIR4xkrzW2X2YlyUE1314RVli7v5Ud5L8dwAAAP__1xrZKw'&gt;Facebook&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8ks1u2zAQhJ9GvMUgKVE_Bx6MGG7Sv6QOirQngVquJMIiKZCUHffpCzlB0UOQ62DI-XZnoTVaHg6739vxMrNlWbof4vH467kmWlLOKiGI9lYZJ-MlJrSbCAYdoFUpYYjTBBvw9s3T-rPDEEczt-kyo5w8qGT8q64JSlbxhtKCVRVBq8zUWoxRDbhCXIZh6J6a8DDc8ublfgwH8e3Ndf0MlJ2VGdx_2vqsrKhoSlS0Zn3dC8grAM6rjqA7meCdRZfkHLxeYEUho2SAPeOKCwVdqUTVsb4QRVdqDVDWORIjOeUFo0ywQpSs2giqoQNBc133vMt5VtAPtzHJMaU5Zvk24_uM7yfjjhttBnP2vl8dGd9fp7hJQcHRuCHj-7opeY4VrWrM8j14lxSke53lu2R_bqfPn-6e6lv20OBdCGEgk79Wl6avfeh2z_T7SX95mf-Mu8czsZhGr6WaDZmDPxmNQU6oNHjnEJIPJEilj3FWy6TX9IIOK84VPvolAMpXPhNPN2cfjhhIWuts381LErxt372iJDG1_6o7Sf43AAD__7_22Ns'&gt;...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;</description>

In this episode of the Research Bites Podcast, Dr. Kristina Spaulding talks with Dr. (Jessica) Perry Hekman, DVM, PhD — behavioral geneticist and co-founder of the Functional Dog Collaborative — about what genetics can (and can’t) tell us about dog behavior. Dr. Hekman shares her journey from veterinary practice to genetics research and helps unpack key concepts like heritability, epigenetics, and behavioral phenotypes. Together, they explore what the science really says about breed and behav...

#35: Dr. (Jessica) Perry Hekman – What Genetics Really Tells Us About Dog Behavior

This podcast was originally released in April 2022 as a shortened version. This is the full version of the original podcast.Dr. Ádám Miklósi is a full professor and the leader of the Department of Ethology at the Eötvös University in Budapest (Hungary). He is also the co-founder and leader of the Family Dog Project ( http://familydogproject.elte.hu ) which studies human-dog interaction from an ethological perspective. In recent years he has also become interested in the automatization of measuring dog behavior and his research group has pioneered  studying the neural and genetic aspects of dog behavior using non-invasive methods like fMRI and EEG.  Over more than twenty years The Family Dog Project published over 180 scientific papers, and organized several conferences. In 2014 Miklósi published the second edition of an academic volume entitled Dog Behavior, Evolution and Cognition by Oxford University Press that summarizes the most recent status on dog oriented research. More recently, together with his colleagues, he published The Dog: A Natural History with Ivy Press, London.  For more information on Dr. Miklósi and his lab visit: <a href='https://familydogproject.elte.hu/'>https://familydogproject.elte.hu/</a> In this episode we talk about meeting the needs of dogs, approaches to training, imitation, self-awareness, exceptional word learning capabilities in certain dogs, and much more.For more information, please check out my website and social media links below! <ul> <li>Website: <a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/'>https://sciencemattersllc.com/ </a> </li> <li>Unlocking Resilience: <a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience'>https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience</a> </li> <li>Research Bites: <a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites'>https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites</a> </li> <li><a href='https://link.digiwoof.com/widget/form/KfX9m81bbUlD35sdaoV1%20'>Join the Science Matters newsletter</a></li> <li><a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8kk1v2zwQhH-NeItBUmIkHXgwYvhN3n4kdVCkPQnUciUR5odAUnbcX1_ICYoegl4HQ86zOwud0fJw2P3cTpeZLcvSfxNPxx8vDdGSclYLQXRwyniZLimj2yQw6AGdyhljshY2ENy7pwtnjzFNZu7yZUZpA6hswpuuCUpW85bSitU1QaeM7RympEZcIS7jOPbPbXwc73j7-jDFg_jy7rp-BsrNyoz-L219dltT0d6iog0bmkFAWQNwXvcE_cnE4B36LOcY9AIrCpmk1oqDaijXQ0VFr-qWlo2qajYowYYKiZGc8opRJlglblm9EVRDD4KWuhl4X_Kiov_chpVTznMqym3B9wXfW-OPG21Gcw5hWB0F31-nuMlRwdH4seB7KHvUJVJs66LcQ_BZQX7QRbnL7vvW_v_f_XNzxx5bvI8xjsSGa3XZfh5iv3uhX0_60-v8a9o9nYnDPAUt1WzIHMPJaIzSotIQvEfIIZIolT6mWS1Wr-kVHVecK3wKSwSUb3wmnW7OIR4xkrzW2X2YlyUE1314RVli7v5Ud5L8dwAAAP__1xrZKw'>Facebook</a></li> <li><a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8ks1u2zAQhJ9GvMUgKVE_Bx6MGG7Sv6QOirQngVquJMIiKZCUHffpCzlB0UOQ62DI-XZnoTVaHg6739vxMrNlWbof4vH467kmWlLOKiGI9lYZJ-MlJrSbCAYdoFUpYYjTBBvw9s3T-rPDEEczt-kyo5w8qGT8q64JSlbxhtKCVRVBq8zUWoxRDbhCXIZh6J6a8DDc8ublfgwH8e3Ndf0MlJ2VGdx_2vqsrKhoSlS0Zn3dC8grAM6rjqA7meCdRZfkHLxeYEUho2SAPeOKCwVdqUTVsb4QRVdqDVDWORIjOeUFo0ywQpSs2giqoQNBc133vMt5VtAPtzHJMaU5Zvk24_uM7yfjjhttBnP2vl8dGd9fp7hJQcHRuCHj-7opeY4VrWrM8j14lxSke53lu2R_bqfPn-6e6lv20OBdCGEgk79Wl6avfeh2z_T7SX95mf-Mu8czsZhGr6WaDZmDPxmNQU6oNHjnEJIPJEilj3FWy6TX9IIOK84VPvolAMpXPhNPN2cfjhhIWuts381LErxt372iJDG1_6o7Sf43AAD__7_22Ns'>...</a></li></ul>

<description>&lt;p&gt;This podcast was originally released in April 2022 as a shortened version. This is the full version of the original podcast.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dr. Ádám Miklósi is a full professor and the leader of the Department of Ethology at the Eötvös University in Budapest (Hungary). He is also the co-founder and leader of the Family Dog Project ( http://familydogproject.elte.hu ) which studies human-dog interaction from an ethological perspective. In recent years he has also become interested in the automatization of measuring dog behavior and his research group has pioneered  studying the neural and genetic aspects of dog behavior using non-invasive methods like fMRI and EEG.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Over more than twenty years The Family Dog Project published over 180 scientific papers, and organized several conferences. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In 2014 Miklósi published the second edition of an academic volume entitled Dog Behavior, Evolution and Cognition by Oxford University Press that summarizes the most recent status on dog oriented research. More recently, together with his colleagues, he published The Dog: A Natural History with Ivy Press, London.  For more information on Dr. Miklósi and his lab visit: &lt;a href='https://familydogproject.elte.hu/'&gt;https://familydogproject.elte.hu/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;In this episode we talk about meeting the needs of dogs, approaches to training, imitation, self-awareness, exceptional word learning capabilities in certain dogs, and much more.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;For more information, please check out my website and social media links below!&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;Website: &lt;a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/'&gt;https://sciencemattersllc.com/ &lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Unlocking Resilience: &lt;a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience'&gt;https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Research Bites: &lt;a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites'&gt;https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href='https://link.digiwoof.com/widget/form/KfX9m81bbUlD35sdaoV1%20'&gt;Join the Science Matters newsletter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8kk1v2zwQhH-NeItBUmIkHXgwYvhN3n4kdVCkPQnUciUR5odAUnbcX1_ICYoegl4HQ86zOwud0fJw2P3cTpeZLcvSfxNPxx8vDdGSclYLQXRwyniZLimj2yQw6AGdyhljshY2ENy7pwtnjzFNZu7yZUZpA6hswpuuCUpW85bSitU1QaeM7RympEZcIS7jOPbPbXwc73j7-jDFg_jy7rp-BsrNyoz-L219dltT0d6iog0bmkFAWQNwXvcE_cnE4B36LOcY9AIrCpmk1oqDaijXQ0VFr-qWlo2qajYowYYKiZGc8opRJlglblm9EVRDD4KWuhl4X_Kiov_chpVTznMqym3B9wXfW-OPG21Gcw5hWB0F31-nuMlRwdH4seB7KHvUJVJs66LcQ_BZQX7QRbnL7vvW_v_f_XNzxx5bvI8xjsSGa3XZfh5iv3uhX0_60-v8a9o9nYnDPAUt1WzIHMPJaIzSotIQvEfIIZIolT6mWS1Wr-kVHVecK3wKSwSUb3wmnW7OIR4xkrzW2X2YlyUE1314RVli7v5Ud5L8dwAAAP__1xrZKw'&gt;Facebook&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8ks1u2zAQhJ9GvMUgKVE_Bx6MGG7Sv6QOirQngVquJMIiKZCUHffpCzlB0UOQ62DI-XZnoTVaHg6739vxMrNlWbof4vH467kmWlLOKiGI9lYZJ-MlJrSbCAYdoFUpYYjTBBvw9s3T-rPDEEczt-kyo5w8qGT8q64JSlbxhtKCVRVBq8zUWoxRDbhCXIZh6J6a8DDc8ublfgwH8e3Ndf0MlJ2VGdx_2vqsrKhoSlS0Zn3dC8grAM6rjqA7meCdRZfkHLxeYEUho2SAPeOKCwVdqUTVsb4QRVdqDVDWORIjOeUFo0ywQpSs2giqoQNBc133vMt5VtAPtzHJMaU5Zvk24_uM7yfjjhttBnP2vl8dGd9fp7hJQcHRuCHj-7opeY4VrWrM8j14lxSke53lu2R_bqfPn-6e6lv20OBdCGEgk79Wl6avfeh2z_T7SX95mf-Mu8czsZhGr6WaDZmDPxmNQU6oNHjnEJIPJEilj3FWy6TX9IIOK84VPvolAMpXPhNPN2cfjhhIWuts381LErxt372iJDG1_6o7Sf43AAD__7_22Ns'&gt;...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;</description>

This podcast was originally released in April 2022 as a shortened version. This is the full version of the original podcast. Dr. Ádám Miklósi is a full professor and the leader of the Department of Ethology at the Eötvös University in Budapest (Hungary). He is also the co-founder and leader of the Family Dog Project ( http://familydogproject.elte.hu ) which studies human-dog interaction from an ethological perspective. In recent years he has also become interested in the automatization of mea...

#34: Ádám Miklósi - Natural dog behavior, imitation, self-awareness, word learning (full length version of original, shortened version)

In this thought-provoking episode of the Research Bites Podcast, Dr. Kristina Spaulding is joined by Dr. Mike Mendl, professor of Animal Behavior and Welfare at the University of Bristol’s Veterinary School, for a deep dive into what it truly means to support positive animal welfare.From competence and resilience to cognitive bias and decision-making, Dr. Mendl explores how animals perceive and interact with the world—and why individual differences matter so much. You’ll hear how animal-based indicators can reveal nuanced welfare states, why emotions play a pivotal role in behavior, and how the dimensional model of emotion can help us better understand and assess an animal’s experience.Along the way, we discuss:<ul><li>How competence and resilience shape behavior and well-being</li><li>How animals set and pursue their own goals</li><li>Cognitive bias testing as a window into welfare states</li><li>Recognizing when hidden medical issues influence behavior</li><li>Using positive states—not just the absence of negatives—to improve lives</li><li>Future directions for research in welfare and emotion</li></ul>Whether you’re a trainer, behavior consultant, veterinarian, or simply a science-curious animal lover, this conversation offers both practical insights and a deeper appreciation for the complexity of animal minds. By connecting the latest welfare science with real-world applications, Dr. Mendl’s work challenges us to move beyond preventing suffering and toward actively fostering lives worth living.For more information, please check out my website and social media links below! <ul> <li>Website: <a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/'>https://sciencemattersllc.com/ </a> </li> <li>Unlocking Resilience: <a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience'>https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience</a> </li> <li>Research Bites: <a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites'>https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites</a> </li> <li><a href='https://link.digiwoof.com/widget/form/KfX9m81bbUlD35sdaoV1%20'>Join the Science Matters newsletter</a></li> <li><a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8kk1v2zwQhH-NeItBUmIkHXgwYvhN3n4kdVCkPQnUciUR5odAUnbcX1_ICYoegl4HQ86zOwud0fJw2P3cTpeZLcvSfxNPxx8vDdGSclYLQXRwyniZLimj2yQw6AGdyhljshY2ENy7pwtnjzFNZu7yZUZpA6hswpuuCUpW85bSitU1QaeM7RympEZcIS7jOPbPbXwc73j7-jDFg_jy7rp-BsrNyoz-L219dltT0d6iog0bmkFAWQNwXvcE_cnE4B36LOcY9AIrCpmk1oqDaijXQ0VFr-qWlo2qajYowYYKiZGc8opRJlglblm9EVRDD4KWuhl4X_Kiov_chpVTznMqym3B9wXfW-OPG21Gcw5hWB0F31-nuMlRwdH4seB7KHvUJVJs66LcQ_BZQX7QRbnL7vvW_v_f_XNzxx5bvI8xjsSGa3XZfh5iv3uhX0_60-v8a9o9nYnDPAUt1WzIHMPJaIzSotIQvEfIIZIolT6mWS1Wr-kVHVecK3wKSwSUb3wmnW7OIR4xkrzW2X2YlyUE1314RVli7v5Ud5L8dwAAAP__1xrZKw'>Facebook</a></li> <li><a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8ks1u2zAQhJ9GvMUgKVE_Bx6MGG7Sv6QOirQngVquJMIiKZCUHffpCzlB0UOQ62DI-XZnoTVaHg6739vxMrNlWbof4vH467kmWlLOKiGI9lYZJ-MlJrSbCAYdoFUpYYjTBBvw9s3T-rPDEEczt-kyo5w8qGT8q64JSlbxhtKCVRVBq8zUWoxRDbhCXIZh6J6a8DDc8ublfgwH8e3Ndf0MlJ2VGdx_2vqsrKhoSlS0Zn3dC8grAM6rjqA7meCdRZfkHLxeYEUho2SAPeOKCwVdqUTVsb4QRVdqDVDWORIjOeUFo0ywQpSs2giqoQNBc133vMt5VtAPtzHJMaU5Zvk24_uM7yfjjhttBnP2vl8dGd9fp7hJQcHRuCHj-7opeY4VrWrM8j14lxSke53lu2R_bqfPn-6e6lv20OBdCGEgk79Wl6avfeh2z_T7SX95mf-Mu8czsZhGr6WaDZmDPxmNQU6oNHjnEJIPJEilj3FWy6TX9IIOK84VPvolAMpXPhNPN2cfjhhIWuts381LErxt372iJDG1_6o7Sf43AAD__7_22Ns'>...</a></li></ul>

<description>&lt;p&gt;In this thought-provoking episode of the &lt;b&gt;Research Bites Podcast&lt;/b&gt;, Dr. Kristina Spaulding is joined by Dr. Mike Mendl, professor of Animal Behavior and Welfare at the University of Bristol’s Veterinary School, for a deep dive into what it truly means to support positive animal welfare.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;From competence and resilience to cognitive bias and decision-making, Dr. Mendl explores how animals perceive and interact with the world—and why individual differences matter so much. You’ll hear how animal-based indicators can reveal nuanced welfare states, why emotions play a pivotal role in behavior, and how the dimensional model of emotion can help us better understand and assess an animal’s experience.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Along the way, we discuss:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;How competence and resilience shape behavior and well-being&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;How animals set and pursue their own goals&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Cognitive bias testing as a window into welfare states&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Recognizing when hidden medical issues influence behavior&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Using positive states—not just the absence of negatives—to improve lives&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Future directions for research in welfare and emotion&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Whether you’re a trainer, behavior consultant, veterinarian, or simply a science-curious animal lover, this conversation offers both practical insights and a deeper appreciation for the complexity of animal minds. By connecting the latest welfare science with real-world applications, Dr. Mendl’s work challenges us to move beyond preventing suffering and toward actively fostering lives worth living.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;For more information, please check out my website and social media links below!&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;Website: &lt;a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/'&gt;https://sciencemattersllc.com/ &lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Unlocking Resilience: &lt;a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience'&gt;https://sciencemattersllc.com/unlocking-resilience&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Research Bites: &lt;a href='https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites'&gt;https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href='https://link.digiwoof.com/widget/form/KfX9m81bbUlD35sdaoV1%20'&gt;Join the Science Matters newsletter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8kk1v2zwQhH-NeItBUmIkHXgwYvhN3n4kdVCkPQnUciUR5odAUnbcX1_ICYoegl4HQ86zOwud0fJw2P3cTpeZLcvSfxNPxx8vDdGSclYLQXRwyniZLimj2yQw6AGdyhljshY2ENy7pwtnjzFNZu7yZUZpA6hswpuuCUpW85bSitU1QaeM7RympEZcIS7jOPbPbXwc73j7-jDFg_jy7rp-BsrNyoz-L219dltT0d6iog0bmkFAWQNwXvcE_cnE4B36LOcY9AIrCpmk1oqDaijXQ0VFr-qWlo2qajYowYYKiZGc8opRJlglblm9EVRDD4KWuhl4X_Kiov_chpVTznMqym3B9wXfW-OPG21Gcw5hWB0F31-nuMlRwdH4seB7KHvUJVJs66LcQ_BZQX7QRbnL7vvW_v_f_XNzxx5bvI8xjsSGa3XZfh5iv3uhX0_60-v8a9o9nYnDPAUt1WzIHMPJaIzSotIQvEfIIZIolT6mWS1Wr-kVHVecK3wKSwSUb3wmnW7OIR4xkrzW2X2YlyUE1314RVli7v5Ud5L8dwAAAP__1xrZKw'&gt;Facebook&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href='https://email.system.sciencemattersllc.com/c/eJx8ks1u2zAQhJ9GvMUgKVE_Bx6MGG7Sv6QOirQngVquJMIiKZCUHffpCzlB0UOQ62DI-XZnoTVaHg6739vxMrNlWbof4vH467kmWlLOKiGI9lYZJ-MlJrSbCAYdoFUpYYjTBBvw9s3T-rPDEEczt-kyo5w8qGT8q64JSlbxhtKCVRVBq8zUWoxRDbhCXIZh6J6a8DDc8ublfgwH8e3Ndf0MlJ2VGdx_2vqsrKhoSlS0Zn3dC8grAM6rjqA7meCdRZfkHLxeYEUho2SAPeOKCwVdqUTVsb4QRVdqDVDWORIjOeUFo0ywQpSs2giqoQNBc133vMt5VtAPtzHJMaU5Zvk24_uM7yfjjhttBnP2vl8dGd9fp7hJQcHRuCHj-7opeY4VrWrM8j14lxSke53lu2R_bqfPn-6e6lv20OBdCGEgk79Wl6avfeh2z_T7SX95mf-Mu8czsZhGr6WaDZmDPxmNQU6oNHjnEJIPJEilj3FWy6TX9IIOK84VPvolAMpXPhNPN2cfjhhIWuts381LErxt372iJDG1_6o7Sf43AAD__7_22Ns'&gt;...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;</description>

In this thought-provoking episode of the Research Bites Podcast, Dr. Kristina Spaulding is joined by Dr. Mike Mendl, professor of Animal Behavior and Welfare at the University of Bristol’s Veterinary School, for a deep dive into what it truly means to support positive animal welfare. From competence and resilience to cognitive bias and decision-making, Dr. Mendl explores how animals perceive and interact with the world—and why individual differences matter so much. You’ll hear how animal-base...

#33: Building Resilience: Dr. Mike Mendl on Positive Welfare, Emotion, and Decision-Making in Animals

The goal of Research Bites is to bring the science of applied animal behavior to non-scientists. In each episode, Dr. Kristina Spaulding interviews an animal behavior researcher and talks about how we apply science and research to working and living with dogs. Research Bites members get access to full-length episodes, as well as monthly webinars and chats about current research in dog behavior. Visit https://sciencemattersllc.com/research-bites for more details or to become a member. 

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