<p>Why did Western Europe and the US become the richest regions of the modern world? Was this powered by colonial violence, scientific ingenuity, or something else entirely? And what happened to the medieval might of China and India?</p><p>The term “great divergence” is increasingly used by historians who are bold enough to study this immense question, but who want to do it carefully, without falling into traditional East-West clichés. </p><p>This episode marks the beginning of a five-episode series exploring the state of this research, produced by the University of Warwick’s CAGE Research Centre in collaboration with the On Humans Podcast.</p><p>In this opening episode, we meet Kenneth Pomeranz, the historian of China who coined the term &quot;great divergence&quot; in a field-defining book of the same name. We begin by discussing Pomeranz’s groundbreaking approach and the surprising answers that he arrived at. In the second half of the episode, we zoom out and place the rise of the West into the broader story about the history of humanity – a story Pomeranz divides into four parts, with the fifth one beginning right now.</p><p>Enjoy!</p><p><br></p><p><strong>LINKS AND REFERENCES</strong></p><p>Do you prefer reading to listening? You can find summary essays, bibliographies, and much more at our series page: <a href="https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/economics/research/centres/cage/news/podcasts/" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/economics/research/centres/cage/news/podcasts/</a></p><p><br></p><p><strong>GREAT DIVERGENCE</strong></p><p><strong>The making of the modern world</strong></p><p><em>This episode is part of a series, produced by Warwick University’s </em><a href="https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/economics/research/centres/cage/" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer"><em>CAGE Research Centre</em></a><em> in collaboration with </em><a href="https://onhumans.substack.com/about" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer"><em>On Humans</em></a><em>. The series searches for explanations to why Western Europe and North America overtook China and India as the richest regions of the modern world. Guided by six expert guests, including a winner of the 2025 Nobel Prize in economics, we approach this topic with balance and breadth, exploring everything from colonialism and fossil fuels to science and technology. </em></p><p><em>1 | Why the West? Colonies, fossil fuels, and lessons from China (with Kenneth Pomeranz)</em></p><p><em>2 | Did science and the Enlightenment give Europe the edge? (Joel Mokyr)  </em></p><p><em>3 | Why did the Industrial Revolution happen in Britain? (Robert Allen)  </em></p><p><em>4 | What happened in the East? China, Japan, and the power of the state (Debin Ma)</em></p><p><em>5 | What about the rest of the world? Measuring the origins of the modern economy (Bishnupriya Gupta and Stephen Broadberry)</em></p><p><br></p><p><strong>NAMES MENTIONED</strong></p><p>Joel Mokyr | Brad DeLong | Arthur Wigley | Jan De Vries | Robert Allen | Simon Schama | Isaac Newton | Vasco da Gama | Jonathan Spence| Anthony Wrigley | Thomas Malthus | Nate Hagens | Charles Lockyer | Marshall Hodgson | Aristotle | Plato | Jared Diamond | Adam Smith | </p><p><br></p><p><strong>KEYWORDS </strong></p><p>Economics | History | Global Economic History | Malthusian Economics | Fossil Fuel Economics | Economics of Colonialism | Rise of the West | European Miracle | California School of Economics | Atlantic Trade | Industrial Revolution | Second Industrial Revolution | Historic living standards </p><p><br></p><p><strong>INFO</strong></p><p>Guest: Kenneth Pomeranz (<a href="https://history.uchicago.edu/directory/kenneth-pomeranz" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">University of Chicago</a>)</p><p>Host: Ilari Mäkelä (<a href="https://onhumans.substack.com/about" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">On Humans Podcast</a>)</p><p>Contact: <a href="mailto:[email protected]" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">[email protected]</a></p>