In this episode of the Health Optimization Medicine Podcast, Dr. Scott Sherr is joined by renowned neurologist and bestselling author Dr. David Perlmutter to explore one of the most important breakthroughs in brain health — the role of microglia. Often overlooked, microglial cells are the brain's immune system and play a central role in determining whether the brain thrives or degenerates over time. Dr. Perlmutter explains how these cells can shift between protective (M2) and destructive (M1) states — and how this shift underlies neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and more. Most importantly, this episode highlights how everyday lifestyle choices — from diet and exercise to metabolic health — directly influence brain function and long-term cognitive resilience. Join us as we delve into: What microglia are and why they control brain health The difference between M1 (destructive) and M2 (protective) states How metabolism shapes the brain's immune response Why conditions like Alzheimer's are rooted in immune dysfunction The connection between blood sugar, insulin, and brain degeneration This episode is for you if: You want to protect your brain and prevent cognitive decline You're interested in the science of Alzheimer's and neurodegeneration You want actionable strategies to improve brain health You're curious about the future of brain optimization and longevity You can also find this episode on… Youtube: https://youtu.be/EMrlchMOZKk Find more from Dr. David Perlmutter Website: https://www.drperlmutter.com Book: https://braindefenders.com LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/david-perlmutter-md/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/davidperlmutter/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DavidPerlmutterMd/ Find more from Health Optimization Medicine and Practice (HOMeHOPe): Website: https://homehope.org/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/homehopeorg/ Virtual Symposium 2026: https://homehope.org/homehope-virtual-symposium-2026 Use PODCAST10 to get 10% OFF your purchase of the Clinical Metabolomics Module at https://homehope.org/products/clinical-metabolomics Find more from Troscriptions Website: https://troscriptions.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/troscriptions/ Use POD10 to get 10% OFF your Troscriptions purchase at https://troscriptions.com/collections/our-products