What is a Presbyterian? Is Presbyterianism merely a style of church government, or is it a coherent biblical and theological system? In this episode, we welcome Matthew Adams and Ben Ratliff for a lively conversation on Presbyterian identity, church government, and why polity still matters. The discussion begins with Matt Adams’s article “Grassroots Presbyterianism ≠ Congregationalism” and expands into a broader exploration of Presbyterian ecclesiology. Along the way, the panel considers plurality and parity of elders, the role of presbyteries and general assemblies, the importance of connectionalism, and the ways accountability serves the peace, purity, and unity of the church. They also reflect on differences in ecclesial culture among the PCA, OPC, and URCNA, discuss overtures and church courts, and offer practical encouragement for ordinary church members who want to be active, faithful Presbyterians in their local congregations. Matthew Adams serves as Senior Pastor of First Presbyterian Church in Dillon, South Carolina. In addition to his pastoral ministry, Adams serves as a council member for the Gospel Reformation Network and co-hosts the podcast Larger for Life. Ben Ratliff serves as Associate Pastor of Covenant Presbyterian Church in Cleveland, Mississippi. Ratliff is also a co-host of the podcast Polity Matters, where he helps lead conversations on Presbyterian polity and church government. Watch on YouTube Chapters 00:00 Introduction 01:49 Why Presbyterian government matters 03:12 Grassroots Presbyterianism is not congregationalism 08:56 Why the confusion persists 11:02 Different Presbyterian cultures: PCA, OPC, and URCNA 14:25 Overtures, church courts, and how change happens 22:27 What Presbyterianism is 25:50 Plurality, parity, and connectionalism 32:48 Accountability, freedom, and the well-being of the church 39:27 How church members can participate 48:36 Polity Matters, Larger for Life, and final thoughts Participants: Ben Ratliff, Camden Bucey, Matt Adams