<description>As a young man, neurobiologist John Hildebrand was torn between his love of science and his passion for playing music. So he chose to live a dual life, working as a professional musician by night and leading innovative scientific studies of the insect nervous system by day.
 
Using the moth Manduca sexta as a model, Hildebrand has explored the connection between olfaction--the sense of smell--and behavior. His work has revealed unexpected links between smell perception and brain development, as well as the role of smell in feeding and host selection--an area of research that's critical to human health because it plays a role in vector-borne diseases like malaria.
 
John Hildebrand is a Regents' professor of neuroscience at the University of Arizona. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2007.

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Neuroscience

John Hildebrand

<description>When he was growing up on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, Jeremiah Ostriker seldom got to see the stars. But he still went on to become one of the world's most influential astronomers.

Ostriker was among the first researchers in the field of cosmology-the study of the origin and fate of the universe-to propose a model of the universe that accounts for two unseen elements that are shaping it: gravitationally powerful dark matter, which holds galaxies together, and dark energy, a mysterious force pushing the universe apart. He has since studied the formation of galaxies and their relationship with black holes.

Jeremiah Ostriker is a professor of astronomy at Columbia University in New York City. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1974. 

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Astronomy

Jeremiah Ostriker

<description>As the daughter of a biochemist, Rowena Matthews met more than her share of scientists. But she never thought she could become one, because most of them were men. It wasn't until college that Matthews discovered her own passion for biochemistry, and the possibility of juggling cutting-edge research with motherhood and a rich family life.
Throughout her career, Matthews has explored how enzymes work within the body. Her studies have revealed the surprising and complex reactions that enzymes and vitamins can set in motion, including some that play prominent roles in human health.
Rowena Matthews is a professor emeritus at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. She was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2002.

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Mathematics

Rowena Matthews

<description>Donald Saari grew up exploring the woods of northern Michigan, where he developed a lasting curiosity about the natural world. He found a way to understand and use that curiosity in the field of mathematics. He has used math to unravel a number of different mysteries, including how planets move around their suns and whether voting accurately represents the will of the people. The analytical methods he helped develop have given scientists everywhere new tools for understanding how the world works. 
Donald Saari is a Distinguished Professor of Mathematics and Economics at the University of California, Irvine. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2001.
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Donald Saari

<description>Susan Taylor says she dreams about molecules, but she never planned to work on them. The Wisconsin-born biochemist intended to be a doctor, until love led her in a different direction-and she never looked back.

Taylor is known for having unraveled the molecular structure of protein kinase, an enzyme that helps turn on and off some of the most important processes in the human body. Her work has given other scientists the tools they needed to understand the structure and role of other kinases, and how to use them to develop new, more effective treatments for disease.

Susan Taylor is a Professor of Pharmacology, Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of California, San Diego. She was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1996.
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Biology

Susan Taylor

InterViews provides first-person accounts of the lives and work of National Academy of Sciences members. In this series of one-on-one conversations, scientists talk about what inspired them to pursue the careers they chose and describe some of the most fascinating aspects of their research.

InterViews from The National Academy of Sciences

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