<description>&lt;p dir="ltr" style= "line-height: 1.38; margin-right: 5pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"&gt; &lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; TWiM reveals the bacteria, acids, and enzymes behind yogurt made with ants, and a defined set of microbes that reproduces attributes of fine flavor chocolate fermentation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p dir="ltr" style= "line-height: 1.38; margin-right: 5pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"&gt;  &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p dir="ltr" style= "line-height: 1.38; margin-right: 5pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"&gt; Hosts: &lt;a href="http://www.virology.ws/"&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a title="" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincent_Racaniello"&gt;Vincent Racaniello&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href= "https://education.musc.edu/MUSCApps/facultydirectory/Schmidt-Michael"&gt; Michael Schmidt&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a title="" href= "https://biology.wustl.edu/people/petra-levin"&gt;Petra Levin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p dir="ltr" style= "line-height: 1.38; margin-right: 5pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"&gt; &lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; &lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p dir="ltr" style= "line-height: 1.38; margin-right: 5pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"&gt; &lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; &lt;!-- /wp:paragraph --&gt;&lt;!-- wp:paragraph --&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Guest: &lt;a href= "https://www.pugetsound.edu/directory/mark-martin"&gt;Mark O. Martin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p dir="ltr" style= "line-height: 1.38; margin-right: 5pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"&gt; &lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; Become a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a style="text-decoration: none;" href= "http://www.microbe.tv/contribute"&gt;&lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; patron&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; of TWiM.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p dir="ltr" style= "line-height: 1.38; margin: 0pt 5pt 0pt 1pt; text-indent: -4pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 0pt 4pt;"&gt; &lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; Links for this episode:&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul style= "margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;"&gt; &lt;li dir="ltr" style= "list-style-type: disc; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;" aria-level="1"&gt; &lt;p dir="ltr" style= "line-height: 1.38; margin-right: 5pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" role="presentation"&gt;&lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; Making yogurt&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a style="text-decoration: none;" href= "https://www.cell.com/action/showPdf?pii=S2589-0042%2825%2901856-5"&gt; &lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; with ants&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; (iScience)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li dir="ltr" style= "list-style-type: disc; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;" aria-level="1"&gt; &lt;p dir="ltr" style= "line-height: 1.38; margin-right: 5pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" role="presentation"&gt;&lt;a style="text-decoration: none;" href= "https://alchemist.dk/"&gt;&lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; The Alchemist Restaurant&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li dir="ltr" style= "list-style-type: disc; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;" aria-level="1"&gt; &lt;p dir="ltr" style= "line-height: 1.38; margin-right: 5pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" role="presentation"&gt;&lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; How to make&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a style="text-decoration: none;" href= "https://www.masterclass.com/articles/tuile-recipe"&gt;&lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; classic tuiles&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; (MasterClass)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li dir="ltr" style= "list-style-type: disc; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;" aria-level="1"&gt; &lt;p dir="ltr" style= "line-height: 1.38; margin-right: 5pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" role="presentation"&gt;&lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; Defined microbes for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a style="text-decoration: none;" href= "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-025-02077-6"&gt;&lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; chocolate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; (Nat Micro)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li dir="ltr" style= "list-style-type: disc; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;" aria-level="1"&gt; &lt;p dir="ltr" style= "line-height: 1.38; margin-right: 5pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" role="presentation"&gt;&lt;a style="text-decoration: none;" href= "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-025-02101-9"&gt;&lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; Microbial chocolatiers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #404040; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; of fine flavour (Nat Micro)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li dir="ltr" style= "list-style-type: disc; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #404040; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;" aria-level="1"&gt; &lt;p dir="ltr" style= "line-height: 1.38; margin-right: 5pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;" role="presentation"&gt;&lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #404040; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; Blind taste&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a style="text-decoration: none;" href= "https://youtu.be/bgUe5BIqaB4?si=DKNu2kHwoqjU4K6F"&gt;&lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #1155cc; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; every chocolate bar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style= "font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #404040; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; (YouTube)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p dir="ltr" style= "line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;"&gt;  &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p dir="ltr" style= "line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;"&gt; &lt;span style= "font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a style= "text-decoration: none;" href= "http://ronaldjenkees.com/"&gt;&lt;span style= "font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #18689a; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; Ronald Jenkees&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style= "font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; and used with permission.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p dir="ltr" style= "line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;"&gt; &lt;span style= "font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; Send your microbiology questions and comments to&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #18689a; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; twim@microbe.tv&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>

This Week in Microbiology

Vincent Racaniello

344: Ant Yogurt and Fine Chocolate

NOV 8, 202566 MIN
This Week in Microbiology

344: Ant Yogurt and Fine Chocolate

NOV 8, 202566 MIN

Description

TWiM reveals the bacteria, acids, and enzymes behind yogurt made with ants, and a defined set of microbes that reproduces attributes of fine flavor chocolate fermentation

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Michael Schmidt, and Petra Levin

Guest: Mark O. Martin

Become a patron of TWiM.

Links for this episode:

Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission.

Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]