William Annis has come back to the show to talk to us about subordinate clauses! This will be a broad overview of the topic, which we may dive deeper on in future episodes. Links and resources: Lingweenie: https://lingweenie.org/conlang/ Wikipedia on balancing and deranking: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balancing_and_deranking Dixon, Robert M. W., and Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald. Semantics of Clause Linking: A Cross-Linguistic Typology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. Cristofaro, Sonia. “Is There Really a Syntactic Category of Subordination?” In Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, edited by Laura Visapää, Jyrki Kalliokoski, and Helena Sorva, 249:73–91. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.249.03cri. Wälchli, Bernhard. “Selectives (‘Topic Markers’) on Subordinate Clauses.” Linguistics 60, no. 5 (September 27, 2022): 1539–1617. https://doi.org/10.1515/ling-2020-0242. Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. “4 A Medial Clause Does It All: Coherence, Continuity, and Addressee Involvement in Manambu.” In Celebrating Indigenous Voice, edited by Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald, Robert L. Bradshaw, Luca Ciucci, and Pema Wangdi, 73–94. De Gruyter, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110789836-004. Dahlstrom, Amy. “15 Clause Combining: Syntax of Subordination and Complementation.” In The Languages and Linguistics of Indigenous North America, edited by Carmen Dagostino, Marianne Mithun, and Keren Rice, 345–62. De Gruyter, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110600926-015. Shibatani, Masayoshi. “12. Nominalization in Crosslinguistic Perspective.” In Handbook of Japanese Contrastive Linguistics, edited by Prashant Pardeshi and Taro Kageyama, 345–410. De Gruyter, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781614514077-013.