<p><strong>ABOUT THE EPISODE:</strong></p><p>Are Islam and Christianity separated brothers, mortal enemies, or something in between? History tells the story.</p><p><strong>Sponsor</strong></p><p>This month, we’re talking about how Christians engage with Islam, a conversation Southern Seminary has taken seriously for a long time. As President Al Mohler has put it, you can’t prepare a minister for today’s world without reckoning with Islam. That conviction is why Southern now offers a PhD in Islamic Studies, and why it’s home to the Jenkins Center, a team devoted to helping pastors, missionaries, and everyday believers reach their Muslim neighbors with the gospel. To find resources and learn more about degrees, visit <a href="http://sbts.edu/islamicstudies" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">sbts.edu/islamicstudies</a>. And be sure to listen to our interview with Dr Ayman Ibrahim, who is the head of the Jenkins Center.</p><p><strong>Resources to Click</strong></p><ul><li>“Islam and Christianity: A Brief History” – Tony Costa</li><li><a href="https://equip.sbts.edu/publications/journals/journal-of-theology/sbjt-202-summer-2016/bible-predict-coming-muhammad/" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">“Does the Bible Predict the Coming of Muhammad?”</a> – Tony Costa</li><li><a href="https://cf.sbts.edu/equip/uploads/2016/10/SBJT-20.2-Costa-Jesus-in-Islam.pdf" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">“Jesus in Islam”</a> – Tony Costa</li><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_huwoxb6qMU" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">“Does the Qur’an Really Deny That Jesus was Crucified an Died on the Cross? Answer May Surprise You”</a> – Tony Costa</li><li><a href="https://www.insee.fr/en/statistiques/7342918" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">“Religious Diversity in France: Intergenerational Transmissions and Practices by Origins”</a> – Lucas Drouhot</li><li><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2025/06/09/religion-in-europe/" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">“How Religious Groups’ Sizes Changed in Europe, 2010-2020”</a> – Conrad Hackett, et al.</li><li><a href="https://www.sefaria.org/search?q=gabriel&tab=text&tvar=1&tsort=relevance" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">Sefaria Library Search Results for “Gabriel”</a></li><li>Theme of the Month: <a href="https://christoverall.com/theme/unmasking-islam/" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">Unmasking Islam</a></li><li><a href="https://christoverall.com/give/" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">Give to Support the Work</a></li></ul><p><strong>Books to Read</strong></p><ul><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Early-Christian-Creeds-Hymns-Costa/dp/1774840138/ref=sr_1_2?crid=1B3TRMIMHOEHY&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.4JtrZRJy5_EUhv_XrLHQ9Xwf0NYkpqRGdg-nDaHknWjWFtOVELgfiIJwI3J1795LaWUIAc73_sNvPzgvVcLAqq8Vj_GQ73iI7jNfpTx6BPhxrpubof6boGPkvJi5-SCZ632BMGYIrolPDUBRe5bH-ccoUNC-rbBw9Yh2dy_fbHzpjJcX-VLpPRfIFVGX9S0Q6tzz4DP5iNTdh3z76uBjhWi-L2s0a8SOv86GEfd561g.U6FNDlMHZvD23oZ9rKoiafd-2za2ZJh2XIBqd1xkJzk&dib_tag=se&keywords=tony+costa&qid=1782088305&sprefix=tony+costa%2Caps%2C180&sr=8-2" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">Early Christian Creeds &amp; Hymns</a> – Tony Costa</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Life-Muhammad-Ishaq-I-Hardcover/dp/B00BR5KVEC/ref=sr_1_1?crid=1YGBM31HNUQT4&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.RCSWg9hZPC7HlvM0bt0cnC2Q_4oPAD1reTAtzHnAneL_AEjqFwDOgiV8gd64cx8e_aB4Rv6DsW3xdL4oY4wI76-fPLIsBZNRyRJav6qZLOl8a6Uys4-6swy3A_u0Bzn0dD9YAL5_LCGttFLOFHup7e1hKFRJFQOKhBBpSFc7oEnfibOVZm-_Fh2UbFEK991wpiTJX1PPy1gJLuAOFBy02gHGS843XS3jQCe2Qwh4t80.lWVHPWFZmV57VgS5-W25w-XXnxpKliz8gvPQ4hsabgY&dib_tag=se&keywords=the+life+of+muhammad+ibn+ishaq&qid=1782084853&sprefix=the+life+of+muhamma%2Caps%2C284&sr=8-1" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">The Life of Muhammad</a> – Muhammad Ibn Ishāq</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/History-Al-Tabari-Vol-Muhammad-Eastern/dp/0887067077/ref=sr_1_1?crid=3KU4HOBKLZLT4&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.GOkg6En7aiahYGa_KjCdrtlwqo0vpMNIAS4vMwO4kp1AuJINJTrHD2ESEqR13gmYk7Lyr4xg_hWIF0S1vumEw33FUIoH8YH1aQ_Hf6HSdqfivr-CmWex56SZTc8HiGA__Zqk8DvMS61xmYKDbr9jyPKjSZCR2Ew9ck54lPjB8D3n0Rxhv_nNR2buehFrE2utGzAIXEcKSnbGbR0Tx1-PN2im_2F9sNPlF8A-tqUy854.Nez62ZzpBRef7FkS__ljGauNrUW-oZEbxwEh1tCT3sM&dib_tag=se&keywords=muhammad+at+mecca&qid=1782084994&sprefix=muhammad+at+mecca%2Caps%2C173&sr=8-1" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">The History of Al-Tabari, Vol. 6: Muhammad at Mecca</a> – W. Montgomery Watt &amp; M.V. McDonald</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Textual-Criticism-Quran-Manuscripts-Keith/dp/0739177532/ref=sr_1_1?crid=29NM181R76TPS&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.AI1yOL9G95ra7JHFFyGIacxYPMsKdBakk-87GDi8oumsVSsfYohSUdJdne1ycBEmY1FaoaPWQ3MhiL1IyeW6J-xgcsexPa0ooO3aiWOLQQRIttJ1-3Xl67bIQHoi4tYcCE9MpHb5e98fJuP_WdFAf2LqIfE2jY9QbT61xOLI-L43p6rJpX_8N-6dd3EZNHXMbfe0IuQ_AnqGvcrAAVfjdszG1dWvZBB1KDql4om8azw.5jC4VAf61usyGsdYjeYjspAjMp1AhptLmS690--Fv-M&dib_tag=se&keywords=textual+criticism+and+qur%CA%BC%C4%81n+manuscripts&qid=1782085397&sprefix=textual+criticism+and+qur%2Caps%2C143&sr=8-1" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">Textual Criticism and Qur’an Manuscripts</a> – Keith E. Small</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Qurans-Divine-Encounter-Keith-Small/dp/1851242562/ref=sr_1_3?crid=10I1DICYJMIG&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.SlWxXxWaetCrr4lLmICU8baj-_tDBF4an0K-4faJpjiD70MigyVIRF54MT1jqlpU3Dhwk9vPohWsnPmZ7dNVHqVeYa1FSH-ZKmANs0Y5UU_4qWP0kR0fbHYn27scdPj2.3oUtB14QX02VQ1aPX5vS8-rrQNOubC7bsb9K9MKO-oQ&dib_tag=se&keywords=keith+e.+small&qid=1782085445&sprefix=keith+e.+small%2Caps%2C165&sr=8-3" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">Qur’ans: Books of Divine Encounter</a> – Keith E. Small</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Corrections-Early-Qur%CA%BE%C4%81n-Manuscripts-Manuscript/dp/1949123030/ref=sr_1_1?crid=2IWBLSJWCY9FN&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.cIHXH_8VA-qMufbJkc2uUDEk15AWD-Z7El3CJFwFz3EoHbV1J0m1sANTVBF04IEUf9oqy2i95ByXTBTxIJ3CEg.mRCeDtbAD8FcznwtTyXOCWPfNA07GCSHx6Fmv6P6C2w&dib_tag=se&keywords=daniel+allen+brubaker+corrections+in+early+quran&qid=1782086322&sprefix=daniel+allen+brubaker+corrections+in+early+quran%2Caps%2C201&sr=8-1" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">Corrections in Early Qur’an Manuscripts: Twenty Examples</a> – Daniel Allen Brubaker</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Quran-Testament-Authorized-English-Version/dp/138745725X/ref=sr_1_1?crid=UO68BUCNNHHA&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.uUWvUAA4WWDNaWfY0ap4bg386rPv6pD8fnwCcSMLz169iPcQ0kLPD5I8GrIv4LwOFdEv7n746f1b7ILKJqG1oRO0T8dIKDG5gLEcG25rTs59sUQlv5jjPABstqCkg4QDtiLASBEPdU4pi-lfOPKu_sKexGmsG7uNe4CRV6QRQivzI04Qi5I3Bk8o-B298B9-VXpTogIZbM4n9O0X_UQ3AEO784kP_Vui32vHeF4Mry0.i0dPOIHG4RivECk1IzZu1y19h75jb-QFuMwYxudSLq4&dib_tag=se&keywords=quran+the+final+testament&qid=1782086430&sprefix=quran+the+final+testa%2Caps%2C431&sr=8-1" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">Quran: The Final Testament: Authorized English Version</a></li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Sources-Islamic-Law-Theories-Abrogation/dp/0748601082/ref=sr_1_1?crid=30ES6UFK175B0&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.vNShSFcc8Md8zULTlxgixoYoopZxZyJadcVeLFD6Wzb2CSIIzExQD1l2WwxoO6GCOa3jpVITDRg1g1fdmkWdbw.o_FaYMMfU_g00E1HKhQCH2CpDDveNYG-1kktVQGV0D4&dib_tag=se&keywords=burton+the+sources+of+islamic+law&qid=1782086499&sprefix=burton+the+sources+of+islamic+law%2Caps%2C123&sr=8-1&ufe=app_do%3Aamzn1.fos.17d9e15d-4e43-4581-b373-0e5c1a776d5d" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">The Sources of Islamic Law: The Islamic Theories of Abrogation</a><em> </em>– John Burton</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Meaning-Glorious-Mohammed-Marmaduke-Pickthall/dp/0452011809/ref=sr_1_1?crid=1A790Y59X2VAR&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.Q0LRrj3fFJMdNAJ9XgvCtwL5Lf6R7ks6XSUIjPWus5qyPuF4hEyu3NM9AH7eNVaGWKYSWtHLVu65WNixEga5cB9_S8TMfPMfEmPD4I8yWZFsmpISLtvPpG6KahlD2Osx1veJDwp_AsDR3RascX7UT0Jsit0GznHs7ASe0iVg9jnLmHrpQN0ffusR3ItHrJR-mnW6IXjr4oy8zvnnNOkRAWqCin4rqiOwYHJdm1mNgEw.36H2pz19NrDwCh0xXv_JpXIoIlgD1N9-F5oPfXCepDQ&dib_tag=se&keywords=marmaduke+pickthall&qid=1782086688&sprefix=marmaduke+pick%2Caps%2C146&sr=8-1" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">The Meaning of the Glorious Koran</a> – Marmaduke Pickthall</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/sspa/click?ie=UTF8&spc=MTo3OTc5NTI4MjUxMDAzNTE0OjE3ODIwODY3ODM6c3BfYXRmOjMwMDQxNDEzMjI2NTAwMjo6MDo6&url=%2FHoly-Quran-Translation-Abdullah-Hardcover%2Fdp%2FB0CJLCV7YN%2Fref%3Dsr_1_1_sspa%3Fcrid%3D2HOE21E6M3YYF%26dib%3DeyJ2IjoiMSJ9.SeXKHBmag7XPqvLPmjIRJtRK8TmjCPSOvODNsndsmXZan1Jk-9kGDjVoCL89zgWEeT-ipCKHAN54Nkusy1pBCCeIqaLSa8eiOJMKSWwS3jVOQWs_PQo303VdAffMwCQBP35K8DxU6lkUKgHqb-RGjvTXqtkRx3Zr-IW0jAbcstfwqmEkT4Jf-OkM6qFxJcCKgF7McjO9HnOy1zepwuCqqBjThuC2RZj2PR4Zchv62k8.BCIT7vjJM8iNhV14JH3XPXr_rLckbW0nuyQ3SsKO9HI%26dib_tag%3Dse%26keywords%3Dthe%2Bholy%2Bquran%2Btranslation%2Band%2Bcommentary%2Byusuf%2Bali%26nsdOptOutParam%3Dtrue%26qid%3D1782086783%26sprefix%3Dthe%2Bholy%2Bquran%2Btranslation%2Band%2Bcommentary%2Byusuf%2Bali%252Caps%252C127%26sr%3D8-1-spons%26sp_csd%3Dd2lkZ2V0TmFtZT1zcF9hdGY%26psc%3D1" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">The Holy Quran: Translation by Abdullah Yusuf Ali</a><em> – </em>Abdullah Yusuf Ali</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Muhammad-Not-Father-Any-Your/dp/0812221494" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">Muhammad is Not the Father of Any of Your Men: The Meaning of the Last Prophet</a><em> – </em>David S. Powers</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Answering-Islam-Crescent-Light-Cross/dp/0801064309/ref=sr_1_1?crid=I9TAHF4IPK3G&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.VveCgpKfS82681_qJcDN9rukqSjBaxOOGPY8jPYE3E8RxpecXYgwNAbEtwFiAeUy0iMBj6kVAPhsW7Q7SaZS_zlBqIhahyz_ZxwAapIbkRX0lvZBb-sxs9UsAuIMb7NbGaErMrQI5F16PYSjQmrQ-dhFrzC03qAspRsQ3CcRlkCzmMWB3VARANn7gyjQ14NXbKxiEImtxiA677JD5q2EnUIOlnMuWnOUSAuW_9kea_8.pWxiJo1HhKG67Ssx41VaXDwtW1S1ky1Bf3oPcOMuHZU&dib_tag=se&keywords=answering+islam&qid=1782087082&sprefix=answering+islam%2Caps%2C227&sr=8-1" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">Answering Islam: The Crescent in Light of the Cross</a><em> </em>– Norman L. Geisler and Abdul Saleeb</li><li><a href="https://answering-islam.org/Hahn/integrity" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">The Integrity of the Bible according to the Qur’an and the Hadith</a><em> – </em>Ghiyathuddin Adelphi and Ernest Hahn</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Decline-Eastern-Christianity-Under-Islam/dp/0838636888/ref=sr_1_6?crid=2J3JAW2NI6YIZ&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.KvJb0ebiHMXRd7uGSl1svTQMa0CQDvCVfCBwOU3Pa-ZiaVPDZpWUxmj_NIAkqmn6ei9d7YsNmza_TXU_bm1qU-6hGK824DQil6zXqvxVyic7aUC31oQTAGKpWKRKprTgaqn34lQM1y8TLUaJ1u7JxoniaTZPXpe1-MEawpQtB6v5aqkawKL3LiYc-du-WE6lkNcZ4_Mn0fG3r7ZgV0024MHBj6Fy5hx2-uzUplXBfK0.e0793yqlszmjXIGc7d4KY5GxyuXhxGVSoT8q7geScUc&dib_tag=se&keywords=bat+ye%27or&qid=1782087295&sprefix=bat+ye%27or%2Caps%2C155&sr=8-6" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">The Decline of Eastern Christianity Under Islam: From Jihad to Dhimmitude: Seventh – Twentieth Century</a> – Bat Ye’or</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Bells-Introduction-Quran-Montgomery-Watt/dp/0748605975/ref=sr_1_1?crid=161ASHA7R0ND1&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.MMUc8MjRFyFiPQJUI73i51Lz0igz5kUiQg5KixxwmTJHjEGmpLPu1Mn7gAx7d1sgrSGUThpRVSwfjKlj7AsDGlDQZXzh71NRKj4BuH_e1sxkQv-5M31SRVRHC2Zpz8TzMaj5HcwQAl-gtlLSR9qypNpjcMFLdUopNszcW3BBclwyrDC4T25L6zQSRyANsV_ewFDScNGCdlXKKzpp7NzEQbbCL7oW85gmtJrJtTnTCPM.0bHR0cPx0o7VUfYRK_Ws0Bao-GONQ74dewgEmcncjCQ&dib_tag=se&keywords=introduction+to+the+quran+bell&qid=1782087400&sprefix=bell%27s+introduction%2Caps%2C151&sr=8-1" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">Bell’s Introduction to the Qur’an</a> – W. Montgomery and Richard Bell</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Crucifixion-Quran-History-Muslim-Thought/dp/1851686355/ref=sr_1_1?crid=2J56LRAIXLQWC&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.nDIvbLFMn-h_3yWxq2U6Y4t9CjMiFBfkQv2szP7o0-POHEBa6pLxkoUurVCNxw8SGpsrurFaIGGRN6_CjLZwg83bEvPx5uUBXHr-zPOhKsxGuVLT0tQwfgeQN0swFa2m2ffqrp5DOiCQzP2i7Tb_TEmCsICsnIDKP0jz0xOWD1PtYLiJ3EoJWbkXaFJ6ktIFOwrji78nBlPsbyz_C5o73Qoa7P62zuX22qQTaQ1XvxU.o2eZj5W79eKSeLXGuF340oeBEr2YHrLfZzYuP6mJ7EA&dib_tag=se&keywords=the+crucifixion+and+the+quran&qid=1782088088&sprefix=the+crucifixion+and+the+quran%2Caps%2C162&sr=8-1" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">The Crucifixion and the Qur’an: A Study in the History of Muslim Thought</a> – Todd Lawson</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/End-Journey-Islamic-Perspective-Afterlife/dp/B00072F3X0/ref=sr_1_1?crid=3NVZEH880X4MX&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.akF7ACPPWgdxp_ESJXfb3w.YdfetWN-fP_twjx365HbL1i895X3QdIqOhOmxa4VHRQ&dib_tag=se&keywords=khouj+the+end+of+the+journey&qid=1782088156&sprefix=khouj+the+end+of+the+journey%2Caps%2C152&sr=8-1" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">The End of the Journey: An Islamic Perspective on Death and the Afterlife</a> – Abdullah Muhammad Khouj</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Jesus-Remembered-Christianity-Making-1/dp/0802877990/ref=sr_1_1?crid=28O4ILK8JFOKG&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.P1s7kwTsrm4LQqUD1Km6I0V-YjVtpON61rcEi3AkT2PHzZSNCWOodYcUXVDmDX0a2dphoGHaOa8CvcpaC5vQz8hNejRoY_hkL6_Okavv_8jzYsL75E2pspIsEpCfiNYu_dyp1LWymjwHjgwivBXlRx3kLS5IXo32tMPJBgvMTB1IpTtCx9l57JqkIwVeFMdhmB-gZgqWNnN0X6sw5_MASEpg3BMguT2xj8c_0Sl7cvk.GrpImrfeTfMSsu3ppV-0WnDJgvABNQuDdsa1KE3NGjk&dib_tag=se&keywords=dunn+christianity+in+the+making&qid=1782088239&sprefix=dunn+christianity+in+the+making%2Caps%2C138&sr=8-1" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">Jesus Remembered: Christianity in the Making</a> – James D.G. Dunn</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Quran-Arabic-English-Translation-Remember/dp/094036817X/ref=sr_1_1?crid=3ROUS0BVC5UZP&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.5rS4eVRiEnB8fCCtyW1F-S7AR6g3Irzu4NjgyNboZEJxEycsHLTgN8SNTrA-UAUaszGwOX-SV8ZYxQjkXS5VmAIwks8XzWkdtcprD3_816uVz7JRn3gCaKLnXsWwGYtZ5MZJTG8zMa5-C08D7eslsJNfLz93gOTNqahetl4LpZIm5nZ96W7NbS3Yrl5-mvc4iVfpapR88o3i0K4THqjgJhowhlMbhezATLxDJO_VywI.MCdHuArjCqD4QInv8_Wf0EvYZLbgdTpYb5OItwLMF6M&dib_tag=se&keywords=m.h.+shakir+quran&qid=1782088464&sprefix=m.h.+shakir+quran%2Caps%2C120&sr=8-1" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">The Qur’an: Arabic Text and English Translation</a> – M.H. Shakir</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Muslim-Jesus-Literature-Convergences-Inventories/dp/0674011155/ref=sr_1_1?crid=2542JIE7M4MXH&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.q3OGbUwOy96cFxIlIcGHOmLizhfy8ZreMW7QwzPx5f2npStDJXCnEv_Y3H-PUoo4KBvHhl8tF0wjJPZXQ--FOwmrp8W4DqIvHr5XLpxWW1piCMK8QqGjxURPCeDmYeBU-IU1AGdEGReGhSS7ysIu9ExYE2tqzS_eO8lVG073bSDLzQ_3RIx4wRf4rfOE8WvidzoVfoxATwf4tWoo4NVvHKXGTEmb4qKWClxv6lrLmHI.UAlCnBvmipMmyBdUfzv6F9Av8HHQzNPibbIRgr3ZMo8&dib_tag=se&keywords=the+muslim+jesus&qid=1782088400&sprefix=the+muslim+jesus%2Caps%2C170&sr=8-1" target="_blank" rel="ugc noopener noreferrer">The Muslim Jesus: Sayings and Stories in Islamic Literature</a> – Tarif Khalidi</li><li><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Arabic-English-Lexicon-Vol-Set/dp/9695190499/ref=sr_1_2?crid=G9DW7MS9QCN3&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.z2m_lG-ZlkAysdOKacispgEDLuQ6jDW6U8X3P8a_ApAvDwKq8xm1578ncYMSrZY_juMGxFebNa8-Dt-qJh2yXZ1gUH8zElIE-jGE2ZB8Q2Sk2tWaImQYmYnabJcEolpRrwodq7KFqYYPNfVS3pyNdf7-IKo8Swa5Jtmi7ankyOIABjpT7