<description>
        Ideal: Roman Reunification. 

Why would Germans want that?

  Ag + 	  Urbanization +    Specialization =       Long Distance Trade &amp;amp; Innovation
Regional States

Holy Roman Empire
	Otto Of Saxony crowned Emperor by Pope John XII  (962)
	HRE: Internally divided + externally weak
	Kings v. Prince  ipalities

	Investiture Contest
		Kings appointing Bishops : laymen (non clergy) appointing clergy
 (lay investiture)
		Stand Off at Canossa
		King Henry IV v Pope Gregory VII  (1073-1085)
		Strengthens Secular &amp;amp; Ecclesiastical interdependency

	Frederick Barbarossa  1152-1190 pushed out of Lombardy by Pope

Capetien Dynasty

	France: Hugh Capet  (987) 
appointed King because of his subordinate position under appointees
Slowly centralized France over the centuries (Joan of Arc?)

	England: William the Conqueror (1066)
		Brought Norman centralizing authority over Angles and Saxons

	Italy: Ecclesiastical and Commercial city States

	Iberian Peninsula: Castile, Aragon, Portugal v Moors
Economic &amp;amp; Social

	Economy outpaced Political

	  Ag
		Drained swamps, cleared forests, new crops
		Horse shoes, horse collars
Population from 30  80 million
Labor specialization = urbanization city air makes you free
Venice, Genoa, Pisa, Naples
Baltic Hanseatic league

	Business techniques
		Credit and Partnerships

	Social Strication
		Estates General
			1st	Clergy		those who pray
			2nd	Nobles		those who fight (Chivalry)
			3rd	Commoners	those who work

	Guilds
		Control prices, quality assurance, womens inclusion
Christianity
	Church inspired literature
	   Economy =      cathedral schools
			Latin, liberal arts, 
Cambridge, Oxford, Paris, Rome, Seville

	Aristotle  
		St. Thomas Aquainas
			Reconcile Christian beliefs
			Bringing logic to Christianity
	Common People
		Saints &amp;amp; Sacraments: Virgin Mary
		Dominicans of St. Dominic			v materialism
		Franciscans of St. Francis			v materialism
Medieval Expansion

Scandinavia
			Converts to Christianity
			Vikings reach Greenland and New Foundland

Balkan Influence	Knights Templar
			Knights Hospitallers
			Teutonic Knights

Iberian Peninsula	Reconquista

Crusades
		Pope Urban II 	Council of Clermont 1095
		1st recaptures Jerusalem	1099
			Saladin recaptures		1187
		3rd	Richard the Lionheart
		4th	Sack Constantinople

		Politically and religiously failed
		Economically and commercially succeeded



      </description>

Ideal: Roman Reunification. 

Why would Germans want that?

  Ag + 	  Urbanization +    Speci...

Ideal: Roman Reunification. 

Why would Germans want that?

  Ag + 	  Urbanization +    Specialization =       Long Distance Trade & Innovation
Regional States

Holy Roman Empire
	Otto Of Saxony crowned Emperor by Pope John XII  (962)
	HRE: Internally divided + externally weak
	Kings v. Prince  “ipalities”

	Investiture Contest
		Kings appointing Bishops : laymen (non clergy) appointing clergy
 (lay investiture)
		Stand Off at Canossa
		King Henry IV v Pope Gregory VII  (1073-1085)
		Strengthens Secular & Ecclesiastical interdependency

	Frederick Barbarossa  1152-1190 pushed out of Lombardy by Pope

Capetien Dynasty

	France: Hugh Capet  (987) 
appointed King because of his subordinate position under appointees
Slowly centralized France over the centuries (Joan of Arc?)

	England: William the Conqueror (1066)
		Brought Norman centralizing authority over Angles and Saxons

	Italy: Ecclesiastical and Commercial city States

	Iberian Peninsula: Castile, Aragon, Portugal v Moors
Economic & Social

	Economy outpaced Political

	  Ag
		Drained swamps, cleared forests, new crops
		Horse shoes, horse collars
Population from 30 – 80 million
Labor specialization = urbanization “city air makes you free”
Venice, Genoa, Pisa, Naples
Baltic Hanseatic league

	Business techniques
		Credit and Partnerships

	Social Strication
		Estates General
			1st	Clergy		those who pray
			2nd	Nobles		those who fight (Chivalry)
			3rd	Commoners	those who work

	Guilds
		Control prices, quality assurance, women’s inclusion
Christianity
	Church inspired literature
	   Economy =      cathedral schools
			Latin, liberal arts, 
Cambridge, Oxford, Paris, Rome, Seville

	Aristotle  
		St. Thomas Aquainas
			Reconcile Christian beliefs
			Bringing logic to Christianity
	Common People
		Saints & Sacraments: Virgin Mary
		Dominicans of St. Dominic			v materialism
		Franciscans of St. Francis			v materialism
Medieval Expansion

Scandinavia
			Converts to Christianity
			Vikings reach Greenland and New Foundland

Balkan Influence	Knights Templar
			Knights Hospitallers
			Teutonic Knights

Iberian Peninsula	Reconquista

Crusades
		Pope Urban II 	Council of Clermont 1095
		1st recaptures Jerusalem	1099
			Saladin recaptures		1187
		3rd	Richard the Lionheart
		4th	Sack Constantinople

		Politically and religiously failed
		Economically and commercially succeeded




High Middle Ages

<description>
        Chapter 21 Class Notes
 Travelers
	Marco Polo 1253 -1324
	Ibn Battuta 1326-1346

Trade-Diplomacy -Missionary Imulse
	Technology Exchange

Trade Cities
Khanbaliq, Hongzhou, Quangzo, Melaka
Cambay, Samarkand, Constantinople
	Hormuz, Bagdhad, Venice

	Characteristic: Strategic Location
			Maintain Order
		Resist Heavy Taxation

Exchange
Magnetic Compas, Cotton to Africa Sugarcane
Gunpowder (Golden Horde-Russia)
Beubonic Plague, economic contraction

Ming Dynasty
Hongwu: increase Confucian civil service
	Mandarins as scholar officials
	Eunichs as Imperial Court
	Rebuild irrigation system
	Re-invigorate manufacturing

	Yongle: resinicization
		Yongle encyclopedia
		Cultural Traditions







Europe
	Increase trade = increase taxation
		=standing armies
	Italian City States strengthen
	Hundred Years war
	Creates identity for France &amp;amp; England

Direct taxation =Monarchies

	Spain
		Isabella &amp;amp; Ferdinand
		Reconquista
		Support exploration

Explorers
	China: Zheng He treasure ships

Portugeuses: Henry The Navigator
Navigation school of ship captains, builders, silors and cartographers
	Dias: 1488
	Columbus 1492
	Da Gama  1497

Renaissance
Sculpture  Painter- Architect

Humanism
   Emotion in paintings
   More realistic paintings and musculature sculptures
 Revisit Cicero  private Chritian and yet Public service

Reconciles Christianity
Urban and Commercial centers require this modification to Christianity
Allows the development of private property  profit gaining  business ventures by low or middle class
Profits dont necessarily go to Feudal King or Monarc
      </description>

Chapter 21 Class Notes
 Travelers
	Marco Polo 1253 -1324
	Ibn Battuta 1326-1346

Trade-Diplo...

Chapter 21 Class Notes
 Travelers
	Marco Polo 1253 -1324
	Ibn Battuta 1326-1346

Trade-Diplomacy -Missionary Imulse
	Technology Exchange

Trade Cities
Khanbaliq, Hongzhou, Quangzo, Melaka
Cambay, Samarkand, Constantinople
	Hormuz, Bagdhad, Venice

	Characteristic: Strategic Location
			Maintain Order
		Resist Heavy Taxation

Exchange
Magnetic Compas, Cotton to Africa Sugarcane
Gunpowder (Golden Horde-Russia)
Beubonic Plague, economic contraction

Ming Dynasty
Hongwu: increase Confucian civil service
	Mandarins as scholar officials
	Eunichs as Imperial Court
	Rebuild irrigation system
	Re-invigorate manufacturing

	Yongle: resinicization
		Yongle encyclopedia
		Cultural Traditions







Europe
	Increase trade = increase taxation
		=standing armies
	Italian City States strengthen
	Hundred Years war
	Creates identity for France & England

Direct taxation =Monarchies

	Spain
		Isabella & Ferdinand
		Reconquista
		Support exploration

Explorers
	China: Zheng He treasure ships

Portugeuses: Henry The Navigator
Navigation school of ship captains, builders, silors and cartographers
	Dias: 1488
	Columbus 1492
	Da Gama  1497

Renaissance
Sculpture – Painter- Architect

Humanism
   Emotion in paintings
   More realistic paintings and musculature sculptures
 Revisit Cicero – private Chritian and yet Public service

Reconciles Christianity
Urban and Commercial centers require this modification to Christianity
Allows the development of private property – profit gaining – business ventures by low or middle class
Profits don’t necessarily go to Feudal King or Monarc

Cross-Cultural Interations

<description>
        Chapter 6.. Achaemenid Empire.. Darius.. the PERSIAN WARS.. what more can you ask for?
      </description>

Chapter 6.. Achaemenid Empire.. Darius.. the PERSIAN WARS.. what more can you ask for?

Persian Empire

<description>
        The first few chapters in our book..it's the foundations, and we never really went over this.
      </description>

The first few chapters in our book..it's the foundations, and we never really went over this.

Neolithic Revolution


      These are the lectures from Mr. Dixon's AWESOME AP World History class. Now you can take Mr. Dixon with you 24/7.. because he's just that cool =]
Air guitar NOT included.
    

The World (History) According to Dixon

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